Anthelmintic Drugs Presentation of PC-II

Anthelmintic Drugs

1. Prepared by: Ms. Lineeta Raut

2. 
❑Introduction
❑Individual drugs
❑M.O.A
❑Therapeutic Uses
❑Adverse Effects, Pharmaceutical formulation, Brand names etc.
Learning Outcome

3. 
Anthelmintic are drugs used in the treatment of helminthiasis.
Helminthiasis is infestation with one or more intestinal parasitic
worms (helminth).
Infected people excrete helminth eggs in their faeces, which then
contaminate the soil in areas with inadequate sanitation.
Other people can then be infected by ingesting eggs or larvae in
contaminated food, or through penetration of the skin by infective
larvae in the soil.
Lead to chronic illness, malnutrition, anemia.
Introduction

4. 
The parasitic worm, helminths belong to the classes Cestoda
(tapeworm), Trematode (flukes) and Nematoda (roundworm).
It is a disease produced by the infestation with parasitic worms living
in the alimentary canal or in the other tissues of the host.
An anthelmintic drugs acts by causing narcosis or paralysis of the
worm or by damaging its cuticle, leading to partial digestion or to
rejection by immune mechanism.
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6. 

7. 
i) Drugs used in cestode infections e. g. Niclosamide.
ii) Drugs used in Tremetode infections e.g. Antimony potassium tartarate
Drugs used in Nematode infections e.g. Diethyl carbamazine (DEC),
piperazine, mebendazole
Classification

8. 
Diethyl Carbamazine (DEC)
ChemicalStructure of DEC:
DEC:
N,N-Diethyl-4-methyl-1-
piperazine carboxamide

9. 
Physical Properties:
Its official salt is colorless or white hygroscopic powder with slight odour.
It is very soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in
chloroform.
Uses:
1.It is used to treat round worm infestation. (Ascariasis).
2.It is also used to treat filarial infection.
(It is characterized by coughing, asthmatic attacks, and an enlarged
spleen, and is caused by Wuchereriabancrofti, a filarial infection).
Diethyl Carbamazine (DEC)

10. 
Common Brand Names:
Filarabits, Hetrazan
Pharmaceutical Preparation:
i)DEC Injection
ii)DEC Tablets
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11. 
Physical Properties:
It is official as its citrate and adipate salt.
The former salt is white crystalline fine
powder with slight odor.
The adipate salt is white crystalline powder
with pleasant odor and acidic taste.
It dissolves slowly in water.
Piperazine
Piperazine

12. 
Uses:
It is used in the treatment of pinworm infestation ( enterobiosis) and
Round worm infestation. (Ascariasis)
Pinworm infestation:
Pinworm infection, also known as enterobiasis, is a human parasitic
disease caused by the pinworm. The most common symptom is itching in
the anal area. This can make sleeping difficult.
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13. 
Round worm infestation:
Ascariasis is a disease caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris
lumbricoides.
Ascariasis is most common in places without modern sanitation. People
get the parasite through unsafe food and water. The infection usually
causes no symptoms, but a high number of roundworms (heavier
infestations) can lead to problems in the lungs or intestines.
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14. 
Stability & Storage:
It is deliquescent and is affected by light. Hence it is stored in tightly
closed light resistant containers.
Pharmaceutical Formulation:
i)Piperazine citrate elixir
ii)Piperazine citrate tablets
Common brand names:Antepar
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15. Thank You