Anti ulcer drug

Discuss about anti ulcer drug

1. ANTI-ULCER DRUGS By Sourav chauliya B.PHARM ,3 rd YEAR, 6th SEMESTER ROLL NO:-18901916002 REG NO:-161890220011 of 2016-2017 Under the guidance Dr. SHYAMSHREE S.S. MANNA DR. B. C. ROY COLLEGE OF PHARMACY & A.H.S, Durgapur

2. A peptic ulcer is an excoriated area of stomach or intestinal mucosa caused principally by the digestive action of gastric juice or upper small intestinal secretions. The cause of ulceration is the imbalance of aggressive factor and defensive factors. Aggressive factors Defensive factors

3. Symptoms Abdominal pain classically epigastric with severity relating to mealtimes , after around, hours of taking a meal. Loss of appetite and weight loss. Nausea, and copious vomiting.

4. Classification Of Antiulcer Agent 1) Reduction of gastric acid secretion H 2 antihistamines : Cimetidine , ranitidine, famotidine, etc . Adverse Effects : skin rash, stomach pain, low fever, nausea etc. PPI’s : Omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, etc. Adverse effect : Stuffy nose, sore throat, mild diarrhea, etc. Anticholinergics : Pirenzepine,propantheline . Adverse effect : dry mouth and blurred vision. Prostaglandin analogues : Misoprost ol Adverse effect : teratogenicity, pyrexia, shivering, etc.

5. 2) Neutralization of gastric acid by antacids- Systemic : Sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate Adverse effect : vomiting, weakness. Nonsystemic : Magnesium hydroxide, Magnesium trisilicate, Aluminium hydroxide gel, calcium carbonate. Adverse effect : muscle weakness, slow heartbeat etc. 3) Ulcer protectives: Sucralfate, CBS ( Colloidal Bismuth Subcitrate ) Adverse effect : constipation, insomenia etc. 4) Anti-H. pyloric drugs: Amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, tinidazole, tetracycline Adverse effect : nausea, vomiting, rashes.

6. H2 antagonist Inhibition of Histamine Release (Paracrine hormone) H2 antagonist Ranatidine Cimetidine Famotidine Nizatidine HCl H2 receptors are present at basolateral membrane of parietal cells Basal secretion is suppressed Highly effective in inhibiting nocturnal acid secretion Effective in duodenal ulcers

7. PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS Inhibition of H + /K + ATPase Pump Omeprazole Pantaprazole Rabeprazole Lansoprazole Adverse effect of ppi’s drugs : headache, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting etc.

8. Ulcer Protective's – Sucralfate: It a basic aluminium salt of sulphated sucrose, a drug of its own kind. It has no acid neutralising action, but delay’s gastric emptying, it’s own stay in stomach is prolonged. It is minimally absorbed after oral administration, action is entirely local. It promotes healing of both duodenal and peptic ulcer, efficacy has been found similar to cimetidine at four weeks. It is considered to be superior in patients who continue to smoke. These are infrequently used now of need for large well timed daily doses and the availability of simpler H2 blockers/PPI .

9. Anti Helicobacter pylori drugs H pylori: S piral- shaped, pH-sensitive, gram negative bacteria . It attaches to the surface epithelium beneath the mucus, has high urease activity Antimicrobials found clinically effective against H.pylori : Amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole. Single drugs rapidly develops resistance (metronidazole). CBS is active against H.pylori and resistance does not develop to it.

10. Referance- 1)Essentials of Medical Pharmacology by K.D. Tripathi 2)Introduction of Pharmacology by S.K. Kulkarni