Antimicrobial Test Abhijeet Thavare 318.pptx

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1. Antimicrobial Tests Detection of Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria Name:-Abhijeet Thavare Gp no:-318

2. Methods Disk diffusion test This method involves placing a disk impregnated with a specific antibiotic onto a culture plate containing the bacterial strain to be tested. The bacteria grow around the disk and the size of the zone of inhibition (area where bacteria do not grow) is measured. Dilution test This method involves creating a series of dilutions of the antibiotic and adding a known number of bacteria to each dilution. The lowest concentration of antibiotic that inhibits the growth of the bacteria is the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). E-test This method involves using a plastic strip with a gradient of antibiotic concentrations. The strip is placed on a culture plate containing the bacterial strain to be tested, and the MIC is determined by the point at which the bacteria stop growing. Agar diffusion test This method is similar to the disk diffusion test, but involves spreading a thin layer of agar onto a culture plate and placing a disk impregnated with the antibiotic onto the agar. The antibiotic diffuses through the agar and the size of the zone of inhibition is measured.

3. Introduction to Resistance 01

4. Definition of Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria evolve in a way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of drugs designed to kill them. This poses a significant public health challenge.

5. Causes of Resistance Resistance can arise from various factors, including overuse and misuse of antibiotics, incomplete treatment courses, and natural selection of resistant strains in populations.

6. Importance of Testing Testing for antibiotic resistance is crucial for determining appropriate treatment options, preventing the spread of resistance, and guiding public health strategies to combat bacterial infections effectively.

7. Antimicrobial Tests 02

8. Disc Diffusion Method The disc diffusion method involves placing antibiotic-impregnated discs on an agar plate inoculated with bacteria, measuring the inhibition zone to determine susceptibility or resistance levels.

9. Broth Dilution Method This method determines the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by diluting antibiotics in broth with bacteria, assessing bacterial growth at different concentrations to find the lowest effective dose.

10. Molecular Methods for Detection Molecular techniques, such as PCR and sequencing, allow for rapid and precise identification of resistance genes, providing insights into the specific mechanisms of resistance present in bacterial isolates.

11. Conclusions Antimicrobial testing is essential in managing bacterial infections and combating antibiotic resistance. Employing various testing methods helps ensure effective treatment and supports public health initiatives.

12. Thank you!