Antisense Rna

it is technology which has so many advantage in molecular biology and food processing industry.

1. Harshil suthar M.Sc sem-2 Govt. science college A ntisense rna

2. What is antisense RNA ? small RNA molecules are complementary to particular sequences on mRNAs and are called antisense RNA. Antisense RNA control gene expression. This technique was first used commercially in 1988 for the Flavrsavr tomato . The gene chosen for inactivation was polygalacturonase ( PG) The Calgene company created a transgenic tomato plant expressing the antisense RNA.

3. Mechanism +++ - - -

4. [A] antisense RNA [B] antisense DNA

5. Nature’s Antisense System There is a HOK/SOK system of postsegregational killing employed by R1 plasmid in E.Coli . [HOK = host killing ] [SOK = suppression of killing ]   It was the first type I toxin-antitoxin pair to be identified.

6. How it differ from RNAi ? Antisense rna phenomenon, dubbed RNA interference ( RNAi ) The intended effect of the both technique is same but the processing is a little bit different in both. Antisense technology degrade the mRNA by RNaseH while RNAi employed enzyme Dicer for degradation. RNAi are twice large. than antisense oligonucleotide .

7. Indian contribution NIPGR, feb,2010 has developed a tomato by antisense technology which can last long upto 45 days.  No need to pick up the green tomatoes and forcefully ripen them with ethylene. No need hurry up in your kitchen before they go meshy . NIPGR scientist had silenced the expression of two important gene which are responsible for loss in firmness and textures during ripening.

8. The two gene silenced are alpha-man and beta-hex of Glycosyl hydrolase , a kind of enzyme that breaks the chemical bond holding a sugar to either another sugar or some other molecule , like a protein.

9. Antisense therapy Antisense therapy is a mode of treatment for genetic disorder or infections. A complementary mRNA strand is synthesized on the basis of the known pathogenic sequence, and which switch ‘off’ the pathogenic gene by activating the degrading enzyme RNaseH . Antisense drugs are being researched to treat cancers, HIV, CMV etc . Formivirsen is the first antisense antiviral drug developed to treat CMV. It was licensed by FDA in Aug, 1998.

10. Cancer – In 2006, a German physician reported the dose escalation of AP compound can be helpful in curing cancer . I t i s an antisense to the growth factor TGF-beta2 . HIV – In feb,2010 Researcher reported successful reducing the viral load of HIV by developing modified T-Cell, which is antisense to the HIV envelope protein.

11. Challenges to antisense technology One major challenge to antisense technology (and RNAi ) is the difficulty of getting it into the body. Delivery of the treatment to the brain, for use in diseases like HD, is especially challenging because it must cross the blood-brain barrier . The second major challenge to antisense technology is its inevitable toxic effects.  Although, antisense technology is engineered to be very specific, it can still cause unintended damage because it would regulate both the mutant and normal Huntington alleles.

12. To sum up, Nevertheless, The Antisense RNA technology shows the potential for diverse applications to basic research and therapy. antisense technology offers almost unlimited scope for the development of new methods of drug design and one of the most approved approaches among several others, for inactivating a single chosen gene. However, the full commitment of this promise is yet to be established.

13. Reference Berg , Barbara. Antisense RNA: A mechanism to inhibit gene expression. 2002. http://www.fhcrc.org/visitor/ research/firsts/antisense.html. https://www.biotechnologyforums.com/thread-1795.html http:// www.biologydiscussion.com/biotechnology/antisense-rna-technology-with-diagram/8546 https:// www.reference.com/science/antisense-rna-technology-eb0ab3b50f29c337

14. Thanks for giving me little attention .