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1. 1 Faculty of Engineering & Technology, University of Lucknow Department of Civil Engineering SEMINAR PRESENTATION on Presented by : Anushka Mourya 2110013145013 ZERO CARBON CITY 12-09-2024

2. ZERO CARBON CITY 12-09-2024 2

3. Table of content : Introduction History Key principles of zero carbon city Types of carbon in buildings Role of technology in zero-carbon city Difference between smart city and zero carbon city Limitations of zero carbon city Advantages of zero carbon city Steps of zero carbon city according to sustainable development goals Case study of zero carbon city Conclusion 12-09-2024 3

4. INTRODUCTION : Definition : Zero carbon city is an urban area that balances its carbon emissions with carbon removal or minimizes them to near- zero levels. Importance : It helps to get a control on climate change globally. Cities are a key part of the solution to climate change, as they are responsible for more than 70% of carbon emissions despite only covering 3% of the Earth’s land. Goal: The goal is to help keep global warming to 1.5( degree)C or below. 12-09-2024 4

5. Principles of zero-carbon city 12-09-2024 5

6. HISTORY: Shift from general sustainability to carbon neutrality goals. Kyoto Protocol (2005) influenced urban climate action. Masdar City (2006) in UAE launched as one of the first country who planned to become zero carbon cities. Adoptions of carbon neutral targets: Reinforced the importance of limiting global warming to below 2(degree) C, with cities playing a key role in achieving national and global climate goals. India’s first city: Specific Zero Carbon Buildings Action Plan (ZCBAP) launched in Nagpur . Nagpur’s plan aims at developing all buildings to be net zero carbon by 2050. 12-09-2024 6

7. 8 actions needed by 2030 to get Net-Zero Carbon emissions by 2050 (Nagpur ) 12-09-2024 7

8. KEY PRINCIPLES OF A ZERO CARBON CITY : Energy Efficiency : Energy efficiency involves minimizing energy use while maintaining the same level of service or comfort. Approaches : High- Performance Buildings : Using LED lighting and efficient HVAC systems. Smart Technologies : Utilizing smart meters, automated energy management systems. Urban Planning : Incorporating energy efficiency into city planning by optimizing building orientation, density, and layout to reduce energy use. 12-09-2024 8

9. Renewable Energy : A Zero Carbon City heavily relies on renewable energy sources to power buildings, transportation, and infrastructure. This reduces dependency on fossil fuels and lower carbon emissions. Approaches: Solar and Wind power: solar panels and wind turbines. Geothermal and Hydropower : Using geothermal energy for heating and cooling and hydropower for electricity generation. Decentralized Energy Systems : Creating local energy production units to enhance energy resilience and reduce transmission losses. Renewable Energy 12-09-2024 9

10. SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY: Sustainable mobility focuses emissions from the transportation sector by promoting low-carbon and zero-emission transport options. Approaches: Public Transportation : Expanding and improving public transit systems like buses, trams, subways, trains that uses clean energy. Active Transportation: Increasing cycling and walking by developing safe and accessible pedestrian pathways, bike lanes, and bike-sharing programs. Electric Vehicles (EVs): Promoting the use of electric vehicles by developing EV charging infrastructure and offering incentives for EV adoption. Sustainable Mobility 12-09-2024 10

11. Circular Economy: The circular economy principle focuses on reducing waste, promoting recycling and reuse ,and optimizing resource efficiency to minimize the carbon footprint. Approaches: Waste Reduction: Implementing policies to reduce single-use plastics, encouraging composting, and promoting sustainable packaging. Recycling and reuse: Setting up efficient recycling systems and facilities, and encouraging the reuse of materials and products. Waste-to-energy: Converting waste that cannot be recycled into energy through technologies like anaerobic digestion and incineration with energy recovery. Circular Economy 12-09-2024 11

12. Green Infrastructure : Approaches : Urban Green Spaces: Developing parks, green roofs, urban forests, and community gardens. Tree Planting: Planting trees along streets and in public spaces to streets and in public spaces to absorb CO2, reduce air pollution, and provide shade. Waste Management: Implementing sustainable drainage systems, rainwater harvesting. 12-09-2024 12 Green spaces

13. TYPES OF CARBON IN BUILDINGS: Embodied Carbon: Embodied carbon refers to the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the materials and construction processes used throughout the lifecycle of a building. Significance: Embodied carbon is typically released before the building is even occupied. It can represent a substantial portion of a building’s total carbon footprint, especially in highly durable buildings. 12-09-2024 13

14. Operational carbon: Operational carbon refers to the GHG emissions associated with the energy consumption required to operate a building over its lifespan. This includes energy used for heating ,cooling, lighting, appliances, and other systems necessary for building functionality. Significance: Operational carbon is released continuously throughout the building’s use phase. 12-09-2024 14

15. THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN ZERO CARBON CITY : Smart waste management systems: AI are used in waste bins and trucks to optimize waste collection routes, reduce fuel consumption, and improve recycling rates. Smart building management systems : These systems use sensors, and AI to monitor and control heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), lighting, and other building systems for optimal energy efficiency. Geographic Information Systems(GIS): GIS technology provide 3D models of urban environments. Blockchain of energy trading: Blockchain technology enables peer-to-peer energy trading among consumers and producers, and promoting the use of locally generated renewable energy. 12-09-2024 15 Why can’t a zero carbon city and a smart city be developed together? To make a smart city, most of the electricity produces from non-renewable sources which causes carbon emission which contradicts the fact to become zero carbon city and smart city both at the same time.

16. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SMART CITY AND ZERO CARBON CITY SMART CITY Improve urban efficiency, connectivity, and quality of life through technology. Technological innovation, data-driven management, and service optimization. Smart buildings with IoT for automation and energy management. Emphasizes digital governance, citizens, engagement through apps, and e-services. Smart Infrastructure: smart grid, smart lighting, smart waste water management. ZERO CARBON CITY Minimize or eliminate carbon emissions to achieve sustainability and climate goals. Sustainability, renewable energy and reducing carbon footprints. Energy-efficient low-carbon buildings with sustainable materials and designs. . Prioritizes environmental policies, regulations, and sustainable urban planning. Green infrastructure: renewable energy systems, green buildings, and sustainable transportation. Aspects Primary goals Focus Buildings Governance Infrastructure 12-09-2024 16

17. LIMITATIONS OF ZERO CARBON CITY: Limitations 12-09-2024 17

18. Reduced greenhouse gas emissions Attracting green investments Reduced energy costs Improved public health Global leadership and reputation Improved air quality Long-term cost savings Circular economy promotion Advantages of zero carbon city 12-09-2024 18

19. According to sustainable development goals, these steps to be taken to get zero-carbon city till 2050: 12-09-2024 19

20. CASE STUDIES OF ZERO CARBON CITY: 12-09-2024 20 Masdar City, UAE:

21. Overview : Masdar city, located near Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates, is one of the most prominent examples of a planned zero-carbon city. Masdar city in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates is considered the world’s first country to plan for zero-carbon city. Challenges and progress: Initially, Masdar city aimed to become the World’s first fully zero-carbon city, but the goal has been adjusted due to various challenges. The project is now more focused on achieving low carbon status. The completion of Masdar city is now expected to complete in 2030. Copenhagen, Denmark: Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, has set an ambitious goal to become the carbon-neutral city by 2025. Copenhagen is aiming to be the World’s first carbon free capital city by 2025. Key features: Renewable energy Sustainable mobility : Over 62% of Copenhagen’s residents commute by bike daily. Green buildings District heating and cooling 12-09-2024 21

22. COPENHAGEN: Copenhagen did all this steps to become a zero carbon city. 12-09-2024 22

23. Kolkata, India: Kolkata has undertaken several initiatives aimed at becoming a zero-carbon city by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting sustainable practices across various sectors. Major steps taken by Kolkata to become a zero-carbon city : Electrification of public transportation Expansion of the metro network Green building Initiatives Waste management and recycling Enhancing urban green spaces Climate action plan Promotion of cycling and pedestrian-friendly infrastructure Public awareness and community involvement Using renewable energy instead of using fossil fuels 12-09-2024 23

24. CONCLUSION OF ZERO CARBON CITY: Zero carbon city helps to provide urban sustainability to society. By moving away from fossil fuels, these cities aim to achieve energy independence , reduce air pollution, and promote long-term environmental health. Urban planning in zero carbon cities is focused on high density, mixed use developments that reduce the need for transportation and maximize the efficient use of resources. They showcase how cities can grow sustainably, enhance quality of life, and contribute to global climate goals, demonstrating that urbanization and environmental responsibility can coexist. 12-09-2024 24

25. THANK YOU 12-09-2024 25