Apeman and Atomic Theory

How to read the periodic table for basic information about the elements. Start the presentation by playing "Apeman" by The Kinks.

1. Atoms, Electrons
& Energy Levels
Electrons are the bonds that hold the
world together!

2. What’s in an Atom?
rotons
lectrons
eutrons
Nucleus
in surrounding cloud

3. rotons
lectrons
tomic Number
eutrons
C
Carbon
6
12
tomic number
ass number= No. of
= No. of
= No. of
-
From the Periodic Table …
http://us.bestgraph.com/gifs/singes-5.html

4. Electron Cloud?
726
505
324
183
82
21
Electron
Capacity
Energy Level
(Principal
Quantum
Number)
http://store.odulo.com/Item.asp?id=220
H
Hydrogen
1
1
http://www.fg-a.com/clipart_science_2.shtml
He
Helium
2
4

5. The periodic table is the most
important tool in the chemist’s
toolbox!

6. Periodic Table
Navigation

7. Periodic Law:
When elements are arranged in order
of increasing atomic number, there is
a periodic pattern in their physical
and chemical properties.

8. The horizontal rows of the periodic table
are called PERIODS.

9. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Each new period (row)
represents an energy level
added.

10. The vertical columns of the periodic
table are called GROUPS, or FAMILIES.
The elements in any group of
the periodic table have similar
physical and chemical
properties!

11. The GROUP provides information about the
number of valence electrons.
1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18

12. This Bohr diagram illustrates energy levels and
electrons for Phosphorous

13. Understand:
•Bohr diagram
•Energy level
•Valence electron
•Electron cloud
•Atomic Mass
•Atomic number
•Periodic trend
http://www.pbs.org/hollywoodpresents/copenhagen/story/bohr.html

14. Alkali Metals
• 1 electron in outer energy shell
• React with water to release H2 gas
• The most reactive metals

15. Alkaline Earth Metals
• 2 electrons in outer energy shell

16. Transition Metals
• Generally 2 electrons in outer energy level
• Commonly have more than one oxidation number
• Form compounds that are brightly colored

17. Rare Earth Metals
• 2 electrons in outer energy level
• Primary oxidation number is +3
• Lanthanide series: soft, malleable metals with high lustre and conductivity
• Actinoid series: All radioactive; most human-made

18. Metalloids
• Elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals
• Elements touching the stairstep

19. Halogens
• 7 electrons in their outer energy level
• Easily combine with metals to form salts
• Most reactive of all nonmetals

20. Noble Gases
• Full outer energy level
• Almost completely inactive (“inert”)
• All are colorless gases
• Argon is the most abundant, making up almost 1% of air

21. Atomic radius decreases 
Metallic properties decrease 
A
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a
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
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llic
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

22. The following periodic trends are
embedded within the periodic
table:
Atomic size (radius),
Ionic size (radius),
Ionization energy,
Electronegativity.

23. Got it?

24. Electron
Negatively charged fundamental particle
Proton
Positively charged fundamental particle
Neutron
Uncharged fundamental particle
Nucleus
Small, central unit in the atom that contains neutrons
and protons
Vocabulary