Apertognathia and its surgical management

Apertognathia or open bite with various maxillary and mandibular surgical procedures.

20. Hullihen was the first to perform a “V” shaped osteoetomy in
mandible to correct the anterior open bite

21. Kole modified Hullihen’s procedure by excising a
wedge of bone from symphysis and the inferior
border of the mandible to shorten facial height

22. Thoma suggested the Y – shaped and trapezoid
mandibular body ostectomy to correct open bite
associated with prognathism

24. Caldwell et al introduced the C- osteotomy as a
correction of pen bite

25. Obwegwser introduced this technique now used to correct
all types of jaw deformities, especially effective in
correcting skeletal open bite related to retrognathia

26. Osteotomies extending from the sigmoid notch vertically
behind the inferior alveolar nerve foramen to the inferior
border or angle
Used for mandibular advancement

27. Pichler & Trauner described the inverted L osteotomy to correct
the skeletal open bite