Appendicitis

appendicitis in children and the methods of diagnosis and treatment.

1. Appendicitis
Presenter,
Jeevan kishore
Group no : 16

2. overview
oInflammation
of the appendix
oNeed urgent
surgery

3. ANATOMY
•Blind-ended tube connected to
thececum
•Most appendices are 6 to 9 cm long
but can also vary in length from 5 cm
to 30 cm
•Location differs in different people.

5. oAge onset : 5 years to 40 years
oMostly affected : males
oLifestyle : Rural
oDiet : low fiber
Epidemiology

6. This mostly occurs due to
obstructionof the vermiform
appendix
causes
-Fecal material
-Foreign body
-Carcinoma of the cecum
-Stenosis-Inflammation
-Kinking of the organ
-Infections
pathophysiology

7. Symptoms &
signs

9. Physical exam
Rebound
tenderness at
McBurney's point
Blumberg
sign

10. Rovsing’ssign

11. Psoas sign –hip extension
Obturator sign –hip flexion
Dunphy sign

12. Lab test
Blood test
•Leukocytes more than
10,000/microLin 90% of patients
•C-reactive protein is elevated
•Neutrophils is elevated more than
75%
Urinalysis
Usually normal
but sometimes
leukocytes and
erythrocytes
and even
hematuria is
noted.

13. CT scan
Gold standard
diagnostic method.
On CT scan can be
seen :
•Enlarged
appendix.
•Appendicoliths.
•Intramural air
•Appendix wall
thickening.

14. Dilated cecum

15. DDX

16. Treatment
Urgent surgery should
be performed.
•Open appendectomy
•Laparoscopic
appendectomy

17. Prepare patient for surgery
•Antibiotics ( cephalosporins ) before
operating.
•General or spinal anesthesia.
•Clean area for operating.
•Operate ( open or laparoscopically )
•Incase if rupture –wash abdomen fully and
insert drainage tube.

20. •Harrisons principle of internal medicine.
•Davidson principle and practice of medicine.
•Current diagnostics and treatment in surgery 2018.
•Lange current medical diagnosis and treatment.
•Current surgical procedures.
•https://www.medifee.com/blog/is-appendix-the-
hidden-reason-behind-stomach-ache/
•https://emergencyus.wikispaces.com/Appendicitis
•Images from google, books and other sites.
References