Aquaculture - General Classification (Introduction).pptx

Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the controlled cultivation of aquatic organisms, including fish, crustaceans, mollusks, algae, and other valuable aquatic plants. It involves farming these organisms in freshwater, brackish water, or saltwater environments under controlled or semi-natural conditions.

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1. Introduction to Aquaculture Presented by: Mr. Ex Jay B. Moran SNSU- Malimono BS Fisheries 4-B

2. INTRODUCTION Definition : The farming of aquatic organisms (fish, shellfish, algae, etc.) According to FAO, The farming of aquatic organisms in inland and coastal areas, involving intervention in the rearing process to enhance production and the individual or corporate ownership of the stock being cultivated. According to RA 8550, Fishery operations involving all forms of raising and culturing fish and other fishery species in fresh, brackish, and marine water areas. Importance : Key role in food security, economic development, and sustainable resource management.

3. Aquaculture vs. Capture Fisheries Ownership of the stock Aquaculture practices involve active intervention to enhance production, such as regular stocking, feeding, and protection from predators. Stock from their wild state Involve the harvest of aquatic organisms that are available to the public as a common property resource, with or without appropriate licenses.

4. General Classification of Aquaculture

5. Different types of aquatic environments Freshwater aquaculture Brackish aquaculture Marine aquaculture Aquasilviculture

6. Aquatic Environment Freshwater Aquaculture Salinity: Less than 0.5 parts per thousand ( ppt ). Culture Environments: Rivers, ponds, rice paddies. Examples: Carp, catfish, tilapia, freshwater prawns.

7. Aquatic Environment Brackish Aquaculture - Salinity: Between 0.5 and 30 ppt.
- Culture Environments: Brackishwater ponds, estuaries.
- Examples: Shrimp, crab, some species of fish.

8. Aquatic Environment Marine Aquaculture - Salinity: Around 35 ppt.
- Culture Environments: Coves, bays, open ocean.
- Examples: Salmon, tuna, shellfish.

9. Aquatic Environment Aquasilviculture - Salinity: Between 3 and 27 ppt.
- Culture Environments: Mangrove swamps. - Examples: Some species of shrimp, crab, fish.

10. Different types of species cultured Fin fish culture Crustaceans culture Seaweed culture Mollusc culture

11. Species Cultured Fin fish Culture Description : Fin fish aquaculture involves the farming of fish with fins, which are a significant source of protein globally. Common fin fish species cultured include:
- Milkfish
- Tilapia
- Catfish

12. Species Cultured Crustaceans Culture Description : Crustacean aquaculture focuses on the farming of crustaceans, which are invertebrates with a hard exoskeleton. Popular species include: Shrimp Prawn Mud Crab

13. Species Cultured Seaweed Culture Description: Seaweed aquaculture involves the cultivation of various types of algae, primarily for food and other uses. Common seaweed species include:
- Green Seaweed/Brown Seaweed

14. Species Cultured Mollusc Culture Description: Mollusc aquaculture centers on the farming of mollusks, which are soft-bodied invertebrates with a hard shell. Popular species include:
- Mussel
- Oyster
- Abalone

15. Different types of structures utilized Fish pond Fish tank Fish cage Fish pen

16. Structures Utilized Fish pond Description: A land-based facility enclosed with earthen or stone material to impound water for growing fish.

17. Structures Utilized Fish tank Description: A concrete or fiberglass type of enclosure that allows the aquaculturist to exert a relatively high degree of environmental control over parameters.

18. Structures Utilized Fish cage Description: An enclosure which is either stationary or floating made up of nets or screens sewn or fastened together and installed in the water and held in a place by various types of anchors and floats.

19. Structures Utilized Fish pen Description: An artificial enclosure with a body of water for culturing aquatic resources made up of poles closely arranged in an enclosure with wooden materials, screen or nylon netting to prevent escape.

20. Culture System/Stocking Density Semi-intensive Aquaculture Intensive Aquaculture Extensive Aquaculture 5,000 per ha 10,000 – 15,000 per ha More than 15,000 per ha

21. Culture System vs. Management Source: ECHO Asia Note Articles

22. Milestones in Aquaculture Development 2000 – 1000 B.C - Earliest aquaculture - Cyprinus carpio (common carp) 500 B.C. (473 B.C. or 475 B.C.) Fan Lai - The Classic of Fish Culture 618 to 906 A.D. Tang Dynasty in China - Ban of carp cultivation - New species 906 to 1900 A.D. Sung Dynasty - Systematic fry collection 1368 to 1644 Ming Dynasty - Complete aquaculture methods 1644 to 1911 China Dynasty - Detailed description of fish culture methods 1900-1970 Expansion in operation and breakthroughs in seed production 1970-Present - Continued expansion & selective culture of high value species & intensification

23. Conclusion Summary of Key Points: Briefly reiterate the main classifications of aquaculture. Importance of Sustainable Aquaculture: Emphasize the need for responsible practices to ensure the long-term viability of the industry. Future of Aquaculture: Highlight the potential for innovation and growth in the sector.

24. THANK YOU

25. References Balarin , J.D., National reviews for aquaculture development in Africa. 1984 1. Zimba bwe . FAO Fish. Circ. (770.1): 69 p. Landau, M. Introduction to Aquaculture. Somerset, NJ: John Wiley, 1992. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations FAO State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA). ECHO Asia Note Articles