Ar.Richard Roger

WORKS OF ARCHITECT RICHARD ROGER

1. AR.RICHARD ROGER SUBMITTED BY : AKSHITA GARG 18/AR/003

2. INTRODUCTION Richard George Rogers, born on july 23rd 1933 in Florence , is an Italian born British architect known for his modernist and functionalist designs. Rogers attended the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London, before graduating with a master's degree from the Yale School of Architecture in 1962.  After working with AR. Renzo Piano and AR. Norman Foster , he established the Richard rogers partnership in 1976. This become Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners in 2007. The firm maintains offices in London, Barcelona , Madrid and Tokyo.

3. HONOURS  RIBA Gold Medal (1985)​ Thomas Jefferson Medal (1999)​ Stirling Prize (2006), (2009)​ Minerva Medal (2007)​ Pritzker Prize (2007)     ​

4. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY He is best known for his high – tech approach that he described as " celebrating the components of the structure". The notion of social integration is one of the other most  important points of the Richard Roger architectural concept. According to him social problems can find solutions in the construction of '' compact cities with multiple centers". Richard Rogers architectural philosophy's concept are legible, transparent, lightweight, systems, urban, public and green. 

5. HIGH – TECH ARCHITECTURE HIGH – TECH ARCHITECTURE ALSO KNOWN AS :  - LATE MODERNISM - STRUCTURAL EXPRESSION It is an  architectural style that basically follows two principles -   - Functional necessity - Social necessity As mentioned services, ducts ,stairs and structure itself    moved outside the building which created a huge wide    interiors . It has a cool and an extra ordinary interiors giving  the  people a chance to meet and to socialize.

6. PROJECTS 1970s POMPIDOU CENTRE, PARIS (1971 – 77) IRCAM (1971 – 77) PARSCENTRE RESEARCH LAB, MELBOURNE (1976 - 83) LLOYD'S BUILDING, LONDON (1978 - 84) 1980s INMOS MICROPROCESSOR FACTORY, NEWPORT (1980 – 82) PA TECHNOLOGY CENTRE, NEW JERSEY (1982 - 85) OLD BILLINGSGATE MARKET, LONDON (1985 – 88) CENTRE COMMERCIAL ST. HERBAIN, FRANCE (1986 – 87) THE DECKHOUSE , LONDON (1986 – 89) PATERNOSTER SQUARE, LONDON (1987) 1990s CHANNEL 4 HEADQUARTERS, LONDON (1990 - 94) EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS BUILDING, FRANCE  (1995) 1990s 88 WOOD STREET, LONDON  (1990 - 99) TOWER BRIDGE HOUSE, LONDON  (1990 - 05) DAIMLER COMPLEX, BERLIN  (1993 - 99) MILLENNIUM DOME, LONDON  (1996 - 99) BROADWICK HOUSE, LONDON  (1996 - 2000) MADRID – BARAJAS AIRPORT TERM-4, SPAIN  (1997 - 06) NATIONAL AASEMBLY FOR WALES, WALE  (1995 - 2005) 2000s EAST RIVER WATERFRONT, NEWYORK (2004 – 06) HESPERIA TOWER, BARCELONA SPAIN (2005) MAGGIE'S CENTRE, LONDON (2001 – 08) CENTRAL PARK STATION, TAIWAN (2003 – 07) CAMPUS PALMAS ATLAS, SPAIN (2005 – 2009)

7. MAJOR PROJECTS LLOYD'S BUILDING, LONDON.( 1978-1986) MILLENIUM DOME, GREENWICH PENINSULA, LONDON.( 1996-1999) HOTEL HESPERIA TOWER, BARCELONA SPAIN (2005 ) 3 WORLD TRADE CENTER (2010)

8. LLOYDS BUILDING, LONDON The Lloyd's Building( referred to as the inside – out building) is the home of the insurance   Institution Lloyd's of London, and is located at 1, Lime street, in the City of London. The building was designed by Architect Richard Rogers and built between 1978 and 1986. It is a leading example of radical Bowellism architecture in which the services for the building, such as ducts and lifts, are located on the exterior to maximize space in the interior.

9. LLOYDS BUILDING, LONDON The functional structural elements of the building were color-coded:       - green pipes are for plumbing,       - blue ducts are for climate control,       - electrical wires are encased in yellow, and       - circulation elements and devices for safety are red. The building uses a large amount of modular glass frames which reflects and refracts light. The building is mainly built with concrete and steel. Overall, the essence of Lloyds of London is that the inside can retain traditional and the outside appearance can change with time.

10. SITE PLAN The Lloyds Building is located on Leadenhall Street in the heart of the financial district of the city of London.  The site is awkwardly shaped due to the medieval character of London's streets, the streets surrounding in the Lloyds Building are tight and winding, providing a sharp contrast between solid and void, between building and street.

11. MAIN BODY SERVICE TOWERS TRAPEZOIDAL PLOT INTERNAL ATRIUM

12. DESIGN The building was innovative in having its services such as staircases, lifts, electrical power conduits and water pipes on the outside, leaving an uncluttered space inside. The building consists of three main towers and three service towers around a central  central , rectangular space. Its core is the large Underwriting Room on the ground floor, which houses the famous Lutine Bell.   The Underwriting Room (often simply known as "the Room") is overlooked by galleries, forming a 60 meters (197 ft) high atrium lit naturally through a huge barrel-vaulted glass roof. The first four galleries open onto the atrium space, and are connected by escalators through the middle of the structure. The higher floors are glassed in, and can only be reached via the outside lifts.  The 11th floor houses the Committee Room, an 18th century dining room designed for the 2nd Earl of Shelburne by Robert Adam in 1763; it was transferred piece by piece from the previous (1958) Lloyd's building across the road.  The Lloyd's building is 88 metres (289 ft) to the roof, with 14 floors. On top of each service core stand the cleaning cranes, increasing the overall height to 95.10 metres (312 ft). Modular in plan, each floor can be altered by addition or removal of partitions and walls.

13. STRATEGIC DIAGRAM FOR SERVICES Use of natural light while with insulation Consideration of future need of electronic facilities Growth

14. LOWER BASEMENT 1. STAFF MESS ROOM​ 2. MAIL ROOM​ 3. FEMALE LAVOTORIES​ 4. MALE LAVOTORIES​ 5. MAINTENANCE 6. CLEANERS​ 7. LIVERIED STAFF​ 8. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE​ 9. OFFICES​ 10. CLOAKROOM​ 11. KITCHEN​ 12. BLACK BOX PARK​ 13. OLD SPECIAL DINING​

15. UPPER BASEMENT 1. STAFF MESS ROOM 2. MAIL ROOM 3. FEMALE LAVOTORIES 4. MALE LAVOTORIES 5. CLEANERS 6. LIVERIED STAFF 7. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE 8. OFFICES 9. CLOAKROOM 10. KITCHEN 11. BLACK BOX PARK 12. OLD SPECIAL DINING

16. GROUND LEVEL 1. UNDERWRITERS ENTRANCE 2. RESTAURANT 3. BAR  4. KITCHEN 5. CONFERENCE ROOM 6. EXHIBITION SPACE 7. LIBRARY

17. GALLERIES 5 AND 6 1. ATRIUM 2. OFFICE SPACE

18. GALLERIES 11 1. ATRIUM 2. SPECIAL DINING ROOM 3. ADAM ROOM

19. SERVICE TOWER   PLAN

20. SERVICES TOWER ELEVATION The towers from a flexible framework for the ventilation  plant, lifts, services risers and lavotories attached to them. Four towers carry major plant – rooms, with mains services running vertically down the towers and connected into ech level of the building. The largest services duct contained the air – conditioning with lesser duct for water, drains, power and electronics.

21. COLUMNS, BEAMS AND FLOORS The floors were constructed on reinforced concrete columns on a 10.8x18metre grid.  The load is transferred between the columns and the floor beams by means of a pre-casted bracket. Pre-cast ‘yokes’ cast into inverted U-beam transmit the loads of the floor grid to the perimeter columns via the brackets.  The great columns, both the exterior of the building and within the atrium, stand proud of the cladding, increasing the highly articulated ‘Gothic’ effects of Llyods . 

22. SECTION 1. RECEPTION 2. EXHIBITION 3. UNDERWRITERS 4. VIEWING GALLERY 5. ATRIUM 6. OFFICE 7. ROOF TERRACE 8. CLOAKROOMS 9. PLANT

23. VIEW The Lloyds Building, consisting of twelve stories to the north, stepping down to six stories to the south.  The Lloyds Building with its 52,200 square metres gross area.  "The Room" takes all the area of the ground floor and extends into the upper second, third, and fourth floors. Office spaces take up the remaining upper floors.

24. OPEN VERTICAL CONNECTIONS CLENCHED WITH CRYSTALS CENTRAL ATRIUM PANORAMIC ELEVATORS METAL POLISHED REINFORCED CONCRETE PILLAR

25. MILLENIUM DOME, LONDON Millennium Dome is a large building (Exhibition centre ) with a single roof located on the banks of the River Thames, on a former industrial land on the Greenwich Peninsula, southeast of  London ,  England . The built of the Millennium Dome was intended to mark the beginning of the new millennium (the 3rd), designed to be a celebratory, iconic, non-hierarchical structure offering vast, flexible space .

26. CONCEPT The concept behind the dome involved the idea of times, 12 hours, the 12 months and the 12 constellations of the sky which measure time. These 12 great arms are 100 meter steel masts held in place by more than 70 kilometers of high-strength steel cable which also supports the Teflon-coated glass-fiber roof, which makes it the essential structures that suspend the Dome. The inspiration for the design was a big sky, a cosmos in which all events take place, the radial lines and circles high and tensile roof structure recalls the celestial grid astronomical maps through the ages.

27. CONCEPTUAL SKETCH

28. PLAN

29. SECTION

30. VIEW

31. STRUCTURE The entire roof structure weighs less than the air contained within the building. The spectacular roof, only interrupted by a hole through which a ventilation shaft out , raised on a circular base of 365m in diameter, with undulating edge 1km and a maximum height of 50m, providing a covered area 100.000m2. Building. The cover is suspended and supported by high-strength cables ranging from the outer end of the steel masts 12, which pass through the Teflon fabric, until the fabric of fiberglass

32. STRUCTURE

33. MATERIAL USED PTEE(polytetrafluroethylene) coated glass fibre fabric  :  It is used for cladding the dome. Reinforced concrete  : It has been used as anchorage point to support the whole structure. Rubber  : The aim of using rubber for this building is to achieve a maximum of weight saving in individual components and parts. Steel  : Steel is used mainly for its roof  construction. HIGH STRENGTH  STEEL CABLE PTFE STEEL   ARMED CONCRETE

34. INTERIOR

35. HOTEL HESPERIA TOWER, BARCELONA SPAIN  Hesperia tower is a  Hotel and Convention Centre located on the edge of Barcelona, near Gran Via road. The hotel is located in the center of conferences facilities of the city, close to the airport in Barcelona and also nearby the city center with its cultural attractions. In total the rooms in the hotel are 280 in number which are distributed in 30 floors. Land area of the hotel is 14000 square metre with the roof height 105m.

36. SITE PLAN

37. DESIGN The project is composed of a central body, as the hotel and two cores and communications services vertical in the north and south side of the building. The North Face exclusively for hotel services and face South to the use of guests, which is equipped with panoramic lifts. The first plan have the reception, the hotel’s restaurant, and the offices of Hesperia. A 5,900 m 2  sports center is also located in the hotel. Between the foundation and a 4,500 m 2  convention center is built an atrium of glass about 6 plants that serves as a link between body vertical and horizontal. Just above it, is a technical plant, where all services are installed and machines that allow the operation of the hotel. Topped this block are the suites and another striking feature: a luxury restaurant.

38. GROUND FLOOR PLAN

39. ROOM FLOOR PLAN

40. FRONT ELEVATION

41. SIDE ELEVATION

42. SECTION

43. RESTAURANT "UFO" In hotel there is a luxury restaurant that is certainly the most unique building on his way similar to a UFO and apparently that is floating in the air just apollo on the rest of building. Such is the uniqueness of this element in the whole of the building in the city that many refer to as the building of the UFO. The panoramic restaurant weighs 40  tonnes , is 500 sq meters and its round shape is 24 meters in diameter. Part of the hotel's rooftop is a panoramic restaurant which is capped with a 'pod', expressed in the form of a geodesic dome fashioned from glass and steel weighing in at 40 tonnes .  The restaurant inside the dome, named Evo.

44. RESTAURANT STRUCTUE

45. RESTAURANT INTERIOR

46. STRUCTURE The hall is treated by large pillars inclined supported by huge piles that reach 60 meters in depth, mainly due to the nature of terrorism, mainly sediments of the river Llobregat. From here comes a structure of reinforced concrete screens that turn into the block of rooms, finishing with an aluminum curtain wall painted in orange that gives the building a unique appearance.

47. INTERIORS

48. 3 WORLD TRADE CENTER, NEWYORK Tower 3 at 175 Greenwich Street is located at the heart of the revitalised World Trade Center site in New York. 3 World Trade Center is bound by Greenwich Street to the West, Church Street to the East, Dey Street to the North and Cortlandt Street to the South, and positioned opposite the WTC Memorial and Cultural Center, at the heart of the cluster of buildings which surround the memorial site. The  skycrapper  is a commercial office tower, it spans 80  storeys . The site area of 3 world trade center is 5574 square  metre  and its height is 330m.

49. DESIGN The design includes five trading floors, 53 office floors ( totalling 2.5 million sq ft (232,255 m²)) of above ground area, five retail levels, and eight mechanical floors which serve trading and office floors, 44 passenger lifts and two principal stairwells. The strategic position of Tower 3 places the tower on the central axis between the two water pools in the Memorial Park. This strong axial relationship combined with its main address in an East-West orientation became a strong driving force for the massing of the building. The main lobby is located along the full length of the Greenwich Street elevation and encloses the lobby along three sides by a 60ft high cable-net glazed façade. At the western end of the core eight lifts are housed and dedicated to serve the trading floors in the podium levels. At the South West corner of the lobby, a triple height atrium gives public access to the retail areas above and below ground as well as to the PATH Transit hall via the retail concourse in the basement level.

50. SITE PLAN

51. GROUND FLOOR PLAN

52. FLOOR PLAN

53. FLOOR PLAN

54. FLOOR PLAN

55. FLOOR PLAN

56. OFFICE FLOOR PLAN

57. ELEVATIONS

58. SECTIONS

59. MATERIALS The façade consists of a linen-finish stainless steel and glass curtain wall, with annealed glass panels complete with a laminated interlayer and coating to reflect surrounding scenery . On the west-facing elevation, this façade experiences the afternoon setting sun where there is a fantastic interplay of light and shadow off the stainless-steel cladding, as well as reflecting the orange glow of the sun. Therefore, the building’s mood changes in appearance with a change in façade coloration throughout the day.

60. CONCLUSION He initiates different interesting concepts  which reflects his individual identity in the world of architecture. One of the key concept of his building is 'inside out system'. The structures and services are provided outside of the building for the internal flexibility. AR. Richard Rogers does not think much about the context of the building which might be wrong as per architects, but he has those magnificent concepts which makes forget the context and the surroundings.

61. Thank you