Architectural science chapter 3 lecture III.pptx

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1. Department of Architecture Architectural Sciences I (Water and Sewage) Chapter 3 Waste water drainage in buildings

2. Drainage system There are many definitions of drainage system. Among them:- The flow of water through well defined channels is known as drainage and the network of such channels is called drainage system. It is a group of interconnected pipe networks that collect wastewater from its source and reach its disposal. The term drainage can also be correlated with irrigation engineering.

3. Cont… Is the removal of excess water and dissolved salts from the surface and subsurface of the land in order to enhance crop growth. I t also refers to draining out the excess water from the soil to ensure the proper growth of the plants. Generally drainage system is the removal of excess water from a given place.

4. Cont… Drainage can be either natural or artificial Natural drainage system is excess water flow from farmers fields to swamps, lakes and rivers naturally by gravitational force. An artificial drainage system is a man made system by which excess water/ waste water is removed from an area. Natural drainage is often inadequate and artificial drainage is required.

5. Types of Artificial Drainage Systems A drainage system can be classified based on how it drains the water and its requirement. It can be classified mainly into 4 types. • Surface Drainage System • Subsurface Drainage System • Slope Drainage System • Downspouts and Gutter System

6. Cont… Surface Drainage System This system of draining the water is used to drain out the surface water. Surface water is generally generated from the rainfall. a channel is created to carry the water from one place to other place for other requirement.

7. Cont… Subsurface Drainage System Subsurface drain systems or the French drain are laid off beneath the top layer of the soil. It is used to drain out excess water available below layer of the topsoil.

8. Cont… Slope Drainage System Slope drainage systems are constructed on a particular slope. It is used to drain out the water in a downward direction based on the action of gravity.

9. Cont… Downspouts and Gutter System These drainage systems are generally used to collect the water from its generation points and reach out to the main pipeline of the drainage system. Sometimes, it may connect to the underground drains with the help of gutter drains

10. Types of drainage pipes Drainage pipes based on material is categorized as follows:- Clay pipes Concrete pipes P lastic pipes

11. Cont … Drainage pipes based on purpose is categorized as follows:- Stack: vertical drainage pipe Branch drain/ Discharge pipe Horizontal drain pipe

12. Stack: vertical drainage pipe The term 'drainage stack' or 'drain stack' In very broad terms, refers to a vertical pipe or stack that spans through one or more floors and into which drains are connected to take waste water to a sewer . It is one of the most important parts of drainage system. Waste water from sink, shower drain, dishwasher, floor drains , and washing machine flows down through the drain line into the drain stack.

13. Cont…

14. Branch drain/ Discharge pipe Branch discharge pipe is the horizontal pipe work connecting baths, showers, hand basins , urinals and kitchen sinks to the stack .

15. Horizontal drain pipe Horizontal drain pipes in a building located beneath floors or basement. They collect drains from branch or stack and transport it to the municipal services like septic tank. the other purpose is:- it is used  to lower groundwater levels and reduce pore water pressure in slopes, thereby increasing stability and preventing landslides. They do this by providing a pathway for water to escape from the slope. 

16. C ont… The benefits of horizontal drain pipes in this case are:- Slope Stability (shear strength of the soil) Landslide Prevention Dewatering

17. Cont…

18. Next TEST I Out of 10% Covering chapter I, II, AND III Date- Wednesday April 09 at 5:00 LT