Arhar.pptx

Aarhar cultivation technique

1. AGROTECHNIQUES OF PIGEON PEA

2. PIGEON PEA

3. Common name – Arhar ,tur Scientific name- Cajanus cajan Family – Fabaceae

4. INTRODUCTION It is the 2 nd most important pulse crop in India next to chick pea. It accounts 12% of total pulse area and 17% of total pulse production. It occupy 1 st position in kharif pulses in India. CENTRE OF ORIGIN: AFRICA

5. USES: Used as split dal. Outer covering of the seed is excellent cattle feed. The husk of pod and leaves is used as cattle feed. The sticks are used as fuel wood . It is a soil restoring crop.

6. BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION ROOT: Pigeon pea has deep tap roots which extend vertically upto 2 meters and spread horizontally through lateral roots. STEM: An angular & woody stem originates from the base of each petiole.

7. LEAVES: Leaves are spirally arranged,pinnatelly trifoliate & lanceolate to oblong in shape.

8. FLOWERS The flowers are bisexual, zygomorphic & predominantly yellow.

9. AREA & DISTRIBUTION: It is mainly grown in tropical countries like Africa,West indies, Ceylon, Malaysia,Australia . AREA( Aprox .) TOTAL PRODUCTION AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY( Aprox .) INDIA 3.9 mha 3.3 million tons 848kg/ha ODISHA 140.87 thousand hectares 128.48 thousand ton 912kg/ha

10. World : West Indies, Ceylon, Malaysia and Australia India : Maharastra , UP, MP, Kntk , AP, GJ, Odisha etc Odisha : Raygarha , Gajapati , Ganjam , Kalahandi , Nuapara , Angul , Bolangir , Sonepur , Knjhar , M.Bhanj , S.garh etc.

11. CLIMATIC REQUIREMENT It requires a warm & moist climate for vegetative growth but bright sunny period with low humidity during flowering. The crop is highly sensitive to frost & fog during flowering.

12. SOIL REQUIREMENT It is grown in wide range of soil starting from sandy loam to heavy clay soil. It requires a fertile ,well drained & loamy soil. Saline alkaline soil & water logged soil should be avoided. I t grows well in alluvial soil & black soil with a good drainage facilities. pH – 6.5 to 7.5

13. VARIETIES ICPL-87119( Asha ) ICPL-87 Pusa- 9 Prabhat UPAS-120 Umerkote selection Laxmi Pusa agati

14. FIELD PREPARATION It requires deep & well pulverised soil Deep ploughing should be done with MB plough /disc plough.

15. SEED RATE AND SOWING SEED RATE: Kharif- 12-15 kg/ha Rabi- 45 kg /ha SPACING: 60-75cm x 15 – 20 cm DEPTH OF SOWING :3-4 cm TIME OF SOWING : Kharif - june- july Rabi – sep- oct

16. MANURES & FERTILISERS FYM-:10-15 tons/ha NITROGEN -:20-30 kg /ha PHOSPHOROUS -:80-100 kg/ha POTASSIUM-:30-40 kg /ha ZINC SULPHATE-:20kg/ha All fertiliser should be applied basal

17. WATER MANAGEMENT It is tolerant to drought. The crop sown before the onset of monsoon requires 1-2 irrigation. After onset of monsoon no irrigation is required . Crop is sensitive to water logging. Critical period – Flowering & Pod development.

18. WEED MANAGEMENT As this is wide space crop ,weed causes problem during initial days of sowing. Two mechanical hoeing & weeding operation should be carried out at 25-30 DAS & 45-50 DAS. Alternately spraying of weedicides like Lasso( Alachlor ) @ 3 litre/ha as pre-emergence spray. Pendimethalin @ 0.8 kg a.i /ha as pre-emergence spray. Imazethpyr @100 g. a.i ./ha apply at 7-10 DAS or Quizalofop –ethyl 50 g ai /ha at 10-15 DAS.

19. DISEASES: WILT STERLITY MOSAIC

20. INSECTS: BLISTER BEETLE POD BORER HAIRY CATERPILLAR

21. HARVESTING & THRESHING Harvesting should be done when 2/3 rd of the pods have matured i.e turn to brown colour. The plants are cut from the ground level by sickle & immediately transported to threshing floor,dried under sun for 2-3 days and threshing is done by beating the pods. The seeds are cleaned by winnowing and the clean seeds should be dried under sun for 2-3 days to bring down the moisture level below 10% for safe storage. Harvesting of arhar

22. YIELD: 20-25 q/ha

23. Thank you