Arterial blood gas analysis ABG analysis

Arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) is a laboratory test that checks the level of blood oxygen, blood carbon dioxide, and blood PH. It is usually done to determine the ventilatory efficiency of the lungs, that is, how well oxygen is brought into the blood, and carbon dioxide is taken towards the blood, providing essential insight of the patient’s respiratory and metabolic state. Normally lung has two function how well it can take in oxygen into the blood and how well it can remove carbon dioxide, support major structures of human, same goes with the followingKey Parameters Measured:pH: Indicates acidity and alkalinity of blood. The balanced normal is usually about 7.35 – 7.45.PaO₂ (Partial Pressure of Oxygen): APTT assesses indirectly the level of oxygen that is present. Normal range: 75 to 100 mmHg.PaCO₂ (Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide): The level of blood CO₂ can be expressed Rh-Ma in mmHg range: 35 to 45 mmHg.HCO₃⁻ (Bicarbonate): Cheyne-Stokes respiration (A respiratory pattern that consists of a gradual increase in breathing, followed by a gradual decrease, with periods of apnea) is commonly encountered in heart failure. Metabolic component you computed is bicarbonates Normal average ranges are 22-26 mEq/L.SaO₂

1. : Abinaua Panneerseivam
2001316001

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ABG analysis:
« Test which measures the level of Components .
oxygen and carbon dioxide in the
blood.

+ Partial pressure of Oxygen

+ As well as the acid - base level E Partiäl pressure ofCarbon

(ph) of the blood .

onate
n Saturation

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8. a ow

5 LA Blood pH Levels

+ Death | Acidosis | NormalpH | Alkalosis | Death

6 7 735 745 78
PH

・ The pH measures of the hydrogen ions (H+) concentration
in (solution) blood.

+ The pH of blood is usually between 7.35 and 7.45

+ ApH of less than 7.35 is called acid and a pH greater than

7.45 is called basic (alkaline). So blood is slightly basic. Y
・ Low pH - High concentration of hydrogen ions. XK

+ High pH- low concentration of Hydrogen ions. Kk + +

10. 1
ET
YAclean tray containing ;
- O Glo
» D Antiseptic solution *
|
ㆍ ㅁ 0.5 ml sodium heparin

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SL

« 02-3 ml syringe
Paperbags = |

KR + | 一 ~ ) _ スコ
"D > A

a
x

11. Preparation

temperature
and oxygen
saturation SpO?.

Heparinised the
syringe to
prevent blood
clotting.

16. + Remove the air bubble from the
syringe and needle .

* Capping the needle.

» Place the capped syringe into an
ice container.

+ Maintain firm pressure on the
puncture site for 5 minutes.

+ If the patient is on anticoagulants
use the high pressure dressing.

+ Sent the collected the sample
immediately.

17. Normal values :

PH - 7.35 to 7.45

HCO? - 22 to 26 mm Hg
SaO? - 94 to 100 %

19. Method :

Blood can be analysed on
either or both of two
different machines.

・ Blood - gas analyzer

・ Co - oximeter

20. ‘RADIOMETER ABLSN BASIC © DRLOGY PATHOLOGY LAB

Sings S195aL Super 7720

Result :

Sample coleted A

The results of a BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS, ARTERIAL

blood gas test woven seo

can show fan ‘al 애매. 。
whether a | ok
ㆍ The lungs are = a os

getting enough
oxygen

ㆍ The lungs are
releasing enough
carbon dioxide

ㆍ The kidneys are
working properly

Figure 2. Atypical arterial blood gas analysis report. NN 뻐 at

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25. TECHNICAL ERRORS :

・ 信 Size of syringe
・ Volume of blood
・Air bubbles
+ Body temperature e a
+ WBC count ja 0
・Excessive heparin
+ ABG syringe must be
transported earliest via cold
chain

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