Artificial Intelligence(AI) for smart Library

this presentation (year 2024) is about Artificial intelligence and how it can be a effective use for library service

1. Welcome To The Presentation

2. Artificial Intelligence(AI) For Smart Library By Kazi Nashid Morsheda

3. Contents : What is AI Some general terminologies of AI Examples of AI Tools of AI Why AI is required in Library service AI in Library Application of AI in Library service About AI-Powered Library Automation Software AI websites useful for library and information Science professionals Importance of AI Literacy in library aspect Difficulties in implementing AI in libraries Limitations of AI

4. What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) The American scientist John McCarthy coined the term Artificial Intelligence(AI) in 1955, was defined as “The Science and Engineering of Making Intelligent Machines.” and he is considered the father of AI. He is one of the founders of AI, together with Alan Turing, Marvin Minsky , Allen Newell, and Herbert Simon. Artificial Intelligence is described as a wide range of technologies that use machines generally computer to stimulate human intelligence having decision making and problem solving capabilities. It refers to computer systems that can perform the complex tasks that are historically only done by the human intelligence. According to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Artificial intelligence is “a technical and scientific field devoted to the engineered system that generates outputs such as content, forecasts, recommendations or decisions for a given set of human-defined objectives”

5. Some general terminology of AI AI is a branch of computer science that uses computational models to perform tasks. Below are some key terms to know for developing competency in AI technology:

6. Examples of AI: Today, the term “AI” describes a wide range of technologies that power many of the services and goods we use every day like : - Creation of generative chatbots -Self-driving car -In social networking -Flight tracking facility -Online banking and E-payment -Ride sharing like uber - Cyber security - Customer relationship management - Voice assistants -Face detection or Picture recognition for face unlocking in cellphones -Selections displayed in the Netflix queue or Recommending TV shows and so on

7. Tools of AI There are unlimited numbers of AI tools for different subjects, both free and with charges. Among them s ome most used AI tools are: Chatbot AI: Chat GPT, Google bard, Bing AI, Microsoft Copilot etc. AI tools for research works: Paper digest, SciSpace , Scholarcy etc. AI as writing assistant: Trinka AI, GrammarlyGo , ArticleForge , Jasper etc. AI to generate Art & image: MidJourney , DALL-E 3, DEEP AI, MyEdit , NightCafe , DreamStudio , etc . AI PowerPoint generator tool: SlidesAI AI for education : Brainly (homework help), CourseHero ( Tutoring), Turnitin (AI detection) etc. Python AI Library tool: TensorFlow , NumPy , Keras , SciPy , Seaborn , Scikit -learn, Plotly , Matplotlib etc.

8. Why AI is required in Library service In this era of information flooding and excessive demand of information sources of the users, library service has become so challenging. The challenges associated with data handling, budget constraints, staff shortages, cataloguing, quick access to resources , etc . have become very critical to address, which demands for advanced automation tools instead of legacy software systems or manual approaches . Also library management authority needs to keep a record of every book and book like materials associated with borrowing, renewal, submission, availability etc. In addition, operations such as maintenance, answering user queries, collection, fines resulting in more work pressure . Only AI and automation can ease these challenges as it is capable of minimizing the intervention of human capabilities to a decent extent. The need for AI-based library systems arises to automate tasks, improve accuracy and better user experiences. Thus it saves time and cost and simplifies the library functions. And also helps the librarian to get involve into more productive works.

9. Artificial Intelligence(AI) in Library The ultimate promise of AI in libraries is to develop computer systems or machines that think, behave and in fact rival to human intelligence. The use of Artificial Intelligence can make a library more smarter in providing services. AI driven data analytics tools enable the libraries to know user behavior, resource utilization and community needs. These information can lead in strategic decisions , helping the libraries improving their services to meet the evolving demands . AI Language Models(LM) can enhance library information retrieval, text summarization and support user assistant chatbots by understanding human language. Computer vision is a ML, used for interpreting visual data which can be applied in digitizing library materials or for advanced image based search. AI in library will impact on library’s Expert System(ES) and their effects on information access.

10. Application of AI in Library services The use of AI based library systems effects on library software reuse, digital video libraries, multilingual access to library resources , digital library search engines and thus can convert a library into a smart and intelligent library . AI’s potential applications and benefits in library operations are now seen in AI chatbots , library service management using RFID, wireless techniques and even robots in libraries. One of the significant impacts of AI on information technology is the ability to automate repetitive and time consuming tasks.

11. Cont … Some effective application of AI in libraries are: Subject Indexing: AI can extract keywords, topics, and other data from text and images of books to automatically assign subject headings, classify the materials for more precise indexing. Ex: Annif 1.1 is being used by Finland, Germany, Switzerland N ational Libraries. AI-based cataloguing: . For example, artificial intelligence is optimizing the cataloguing process of the Library of Congress by creating standardized catalogue records and automatically generating bibliographic data.

12. Cont … Self-service: Now-a-days most of the users expect a self-service portal from their service providers. Libraries can attract and retain people by offering them self-service facilities like chatbots , virtual assistants, automated checkout & return options etc. For instance, Carnegie Mellon University library uses Ask Andy , an AI-powered chatbot , to address user questions instantly Reservation Management : AI-driven tlibrary software acquires critical information about the borrowed resources from systems like QR and RFID readers to automate the reservation process. Through this, patrons can reserve resources online, gain real-time information on the availability of resources, can borrow them and receive alerts for overdue as well. Inventory and Stock Management : The AI tools using the insights from RFID tags and sensors can identify rarely used resources, locate the inventory and stock levels in the libraries, optimize shelf space, etc. It also forecast resource consumption, book demand, stock shortages, etc., to help librarians maintain a sufficient number of copies of resources.

13. Cont … Electronic Resource Management: While library automation systems help libraries digitize resources, AI can assist the same without any errors. This enables better customer experience in borrowing error free digital materials from large stack. Librarians benefit from this in easily tracking resource access, fine collection, due date, reservations etc. Automated Check-In/Check-Out : beside AI-based library automation software features like RFID, self-service portals etc . some tools like Gigabyte Smart Library System also facilitates AI facial recognition to automate the book check-out process . Scanning and Bar-Coding: AI-powered scanning and barcoding systems use complex machine learning models to process and interpret the information from the barcodes accurately. Ex: analysing the borrow/submission and renewal patterns, alert about double entries, identify causes of interruption, generate customized barcodes etc. with better accuracy and speed.

14. Cont … Document Processing : Artificial intelligence tools like scanning, optical character reading, image processing, etc. can easily automate the information retrieval, data validation, and document analysis processes in libraries, from invoices to research papers. Intelligent document processing through AI is beneficial in quick document classification, content summarization, document sorting, error reduction, etc . Virtual Learning : Artificial intelligence tools can be used in libraries to recommend relevant learning resources to users, generate feedback surveys and assessment forms, integrate virtual assistants 7/24 etc. Thus provides better virtual tutoring and the learning experience of users. For instance, Penn Library leverages AI and automation to help students learn more effectively and increase student engagement. Personalization : AI-driven library automation tools can analyse the learning history and preferences of the patrons to determine their interests and provide relevant reading recommendations. Ex: Seattle Public Library uses the “Your Next 5 Books” recommendation tool that collects some information from the users and suggests 5 relevant books to read.

15. About AI-Powered Library Automation Software AI-powered library automation systems differ from existing ones in terms of facilitating advanced deep learning, machine learning, machine vision etc . technologies to automate, innovate, and optimize library operations. Some of the major benefits of implementing AI based library automation software are: Reduces operating costs Automates manual tasks Improves search and retrieval processes Streamlined workflow Provides personalized recommendations Offers 24/7 support Eliminate data errors Personalizes library services as per user intent Increases resource accessibility Secure data analysis and management Better user experience Proactive maintenance Informed decision-making Increased efficiency

16. cont … Some top AI based library automation softwares are:

17. AI websites useful for library and information Science professionals AI powered platforms and innovative tools perform efficiently in research, analysis, information retrieval, organization and library management. Some AI powered useful websites in this regard are: Research and analysis Information Retrieval and organization Library Management and Operations Scite : Identifies citations for academic articles helping researchers in evaluating scholarly impact. (https://scite.ai/) Factual: It helps librarians to find and organize information from various sources. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgWVBMWfpoA) OCLC Research: Explores the use of AI in libraries, including chatbots , recommendation systems and personalization (https://www.oclc/research/home.html) OpenAI codex : It’s a potential automating coding tasks that generates code from natural language descriptions for library software development. (https://openai.com/blog/openai-codex) Luminoso : Uses AI to analyze and categorize large volume of text, aiding librarians in classifying and organizing library collections. (https://luminoso.com/) Deepomatic : Provides AI-powered image and video analysis tools, potentially aiding libraries in digitizing and managing multimedia collections (https://deepomatic.com/)

18. Cont …. Research and analysis Information Retrieval and organization Library Management and Operations Semantic Scholar : Uses AI to identify and rank relevant research papers. (https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper) Grover: A research assistant which can summarize documents and answer questions in natural language, assisting librarians in providing reference services. (https://grover.allenai.org) Paperpile : An AI-powered research paper management tool, helping researchers and librarians organize and access their research materials (https://paperpile.com/) CORD-19: A massive dataset of COVID-19 research papers powered by AI. (https://github.com/allenai/cord19) Meta: Semantic Search: understand the meaning of queries and search for relevant information (https://www.parent-meta-releases-ai-modern-sam-can-identify-objects-photos) SciFeed : An Ai-powered news aggregator for scientific research, keeping librarians informed about the latest discoveries and trends (https://www.science.org/content/page/email-alerts-and-rss-feeds) SciGraph : A knowledge graph of scientific entities and relationships that assists librarians in connecting to research topics. (https://listoffreeware.com/best-free-scientific-graph-software-windows/) Qtext : An AI powered platform that analyzes and summarizes text data, helping librarians identify key information in documents and collections. (https://www.zerogpt.com/)

19. Importance of AI Literacy in library aspect Library professionals can enhance user trust by supporting AI literacy and can make people information literate, technologically sound and culturally well-balanced. A higher educated and well-trained librarian operates intelligent library systems with the combination of ICTs and other smart technologies to make people skilled human capital. Librarians will take the lead in teaching the users how to use artificial intelligence (AI) tools, which they can use to do tasks including analyzing digital collections, finding subjects, and improving search accuracy and retrieval . To begin evaluating AI, users must first understand it or became AI literate. AI literacy consists of knowing, understanding, using and evaluating AI as well as considering the ethical issues. An AI literate individual can understand fundamental AI concepts like ML, NLP, NN etc.

20. Cont … To equip students, researchers and faculty members with the necessary skills to navigate this complex landscape, libraries need to prioritize - developing training resources -organizing AI literacy workshop that enable user to properly assess AI driven tools and resources. One particularly useful resource is known as the ROBOT test . It was developed by the two librarians Amanda Wheatly and Sandy Hervieux at McGrill University. ROBOT, an acronym for Reliability, Objective, Bias, Ownership, Type which are key criteria for assessing information about AI tools. Being AI Literate does not mean users need to understand the advanced mechanics of AI. Rather it means actively learning about the technologies involved and thus they can critically approach any texts they read that concern AI.

21. Difficulties in implementing AI in libraries The widespread deployment of artificial intelligence (AI ) in library operations has various obstacles. Major obstacles consist of : Lack of Technical Proficiency Inadequate funding High maintenance costs Unreliable Power Source like inconsistent supply of electricity, particularly in poor nations. Difficult implementation since professional AI system development is hard and requires a lot of work. Limited Natural Language Capabilities : AI systems in libraries often have constrained natural language processing abilities, limiting their range of functions. AI development requires a higher level of specialized knowledge than standard library automation systems , so hiring new staff members with AI experience is necessary . Less interest of Library community(librarian, officers and staffs) about AI implementation and also having fear to loose their position.

22. Limitations of AI AI is based on machines specially computer, so without machine it can’t be operated. It requires internet connection to get up-to-date information by AI, so without internet connection AI can’t perform properly. Accuracy problem : AI based technologies typically engage with people by asking questions, taking user answers as input, and then justifying the decisions made it provides output. So AI can be wrong in multiple ways : -It can give a wrong or misleading answer -It can omit information by mistake -It can interpret users queries in an unexpected way -It can mix truth and fiction Lack of human touch and personalized assistance: With AI , the absence of face-to-face interactions with librarians may hinder the ability to address complex queries or provide tailored guidance.

23. Thank You

24. References: https:// testbook.com/ https :// www.iso.org/artificial-intelligence https ://www.iotforall.com / https ://www.fool.com/terms/a/artificial-intelligence / https://www.trinka.ai/ Bairagi M. and Lihitker S . (2024 ). Empowering libraries: AI- driven tools & techniques for digital transformation & sustainable innovation.UPA International E- Journal, 10(1 ). Subaveerapandiyan A. (2023). Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in libraries & its impact on library operations review. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 7828 . Michael I. and Alex- Nmecha , Juliet C . (2020). Artificial intelligence in libraries. Managing and adopting library information services for future users. 120-144. (abstract only).f https://mitechnews.com

25. cont …. https://www.libcognizance.com https://www.goodfirms.co/library-automation-software/ https ://www.ibm.com/topics/artificial-intelligence https://www.coursera.org/articles/what-is-artificial-intelligence https://www.simplilearn.com https:// www.webology.org More NS (2024) Intelligent library management system. Trends Comput Sci Inf Technol 9(1): 001-009. DOI: 10.17352/tcsit.000074 https:// www.kansalliskirjasto.fi/en/news/automatic-subject-indexing-tool-annif-ready-wider-production-use https:// sjcd.libguides.com/c.php?g=1358464&p=10036323 Chhetri , Parbat, " Analyzing the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of AI in Libraries“ ( 2023). Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 7808. https ://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/7808 Hervieux , S. & Wheatley, A. (2020). The ROBOT test [Evaluation tool]. The LibrAIry . https://thelibrairy.wordpress.com/2020/03/11/the-robot-test