asepsis .pptx lecture about aseptic principles

Useful lecture about medical and surgical asepsis

1. Asepsis Nada abdel Hay

2. Types Medical Surgical

3. Definitions Medical Asepsis- All practices intended to confine , limit the growth, and transmission of microorganisms ; Clean technique Asepsis- Freedom from disease-causing microorganisms Soiled , contaminated -means likely to contain microorganisms which may be capable of producing disease Surgical asepsis - Pracices that keep an area free of all microorganisms

4. MEDICAL ASEPSIS Medical asepsis, sometimes called clean technique , is based on maintaining cleanliness to prevent the spread of infectious diseases and to assure that the environment is as free of microorganisms as possible. Medical asepsis involves confining microorganisms to specific areas and making objects either clean or dirty.

5. PRINCIPLES The basic principles of medical asepsis include: Cleanse hands frequently following CDC’s Hand Hygiene Guidelines. Keep soiled items and equipment from touching clothing . Do not place soiled bed linens or other items on the floor. Avoid having the patient cough, sneeze, or breathe directly on others. Move equipment away from you when , dusting, or scrubbing articles. Clean the least soiled items first then the more soiled ones .

6. PRINCIPLES (con ) Dispose off soiled or used items directly into the appropriate containers. Pour liquids that are to be discarded directly into the drain to avoid splattering in the sink and onto you. Avoid leaning against sinks, supplies, and equipment . Avoid touching your eyes, face, and mouth . Follow your facility’s guidelines for isolation and barrier techniques .

7. All body fluids from any patient is considered contaminated Isolate the disease not the patient. Medical aseptic practices are involved in all nursing activities because microorganisms are always present in the environment .

8. Essential components of maintaining medical asepsis include:- 1 . Hand washing 2 . Utilizing gloves, gown and mask as indicated 3 . Cleaning / Disinfection of equipment 4 . Handling linens in ways that prevent germs from spreading.

9. SURGICAL ASEPSIS Surgical asepsis, also called sterile technique , is used in the operating room, delivery room, during surgical procedures , catheterization, and during dressing changes .

10. PRINCIPLES Basic principles include: Only a sterile object can touch another sterile object . Open sterile packages so that the first edge of the wrapper is directed away from the worker to avoid the possibility of a sterile wrapper touching non-sterile clothing. Avoid spilling any solution on a cloth or paper used as a field for sterile set up. Hold sterile objects above the waist level. Avoid talking, coughing, sneezing, and reaching over a sterile field or object.

11. PRINCIPLES Never walk away from or turn your back on a sterile field. All items brought into contact with broken skin or used to penetrate the skin in order to inject substances into the body , or to enter normally sterile body cavities , should be sterile Use dry, sterile forceps when necessary. Consider the edge (outer 1”) of a sterile field to be contaminated. Consider an object contaminated if you have any doubt as to its sterility .

12. PRINCIPLES Remedy contamination immediately Recognize potential environmental contamination- proper room cleaning, Doors kept closed

13. PRINCIPLES Gowns are considered sterile in front from chest height to the operative level Sterile persons should keep hands in sight and keep them at or above waist level Contamination occurs when sterile gown and drapes are permeated All items used within the sterile field must be sterile Sterile persons touch only sterile items or sterile areas Unsterile personnel stay beyond one foot of the sterile field When contamination occurs, take care of it immediately Break in technique is pointed out and action is taken to change situation i.e. change gloves

14. PRINCIPLES Prevent excessive air currents around the sterile areas. (Moving fast, flapping of the cloths & drapes ) Keep the sterile field dry Each sterile supply should be clearly labeled . Hold the transfer forceps pointing downwards . Transfer forceps & the container should be sterilized daily. Do not return the unused sterile objects to the container , once they have been taken out .

15. ELEMENTS OF SURGICAL ASEPSIS HAND WASHING OPENING OF STERILEWRAPPED PACKAGE USE OF GLOVES GOWNING MASKING STERLISATION OF ARTICLES

16. Standard precautions  Standard (previously known as universal) precautions are the practices adopted by all healthcare workers when potentially coming into contact with any patient’s blood or body fluids. They are a set of principles designed to minimize exposure to and transmission of a wide variety of micro-organisms .

17. Standard infection control precautions include:- Hand hygiene Protective clothing and equipment Isolation precautions . The safe disposal of sharps Laundry management A clean clinical environment Decontamination of equipment Management of exposure to blood and body fluids Education of patients, carers and healthcare wor ww k w e .drj r ay s eshpatidar.blogspot.in

18. 18 Isolation Precautions Patient Transport Linen & laundry Waste Management Decontamination PPE Hand hygiene Patient placement Isolation Precautions

19. Hand washing Perform hand hygiene: Before and after patient contact After removing gloves or any other PPE item After touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items, whether or not gloves are worn After contact with patient surroundings Routine hand hygiene by alcohol hand rub (preferably) or by washing hands with soap and water

20. 20 PPE - Gloves fluids, secretions, excretions, mucous membranes and non-intact skin, and contaminated items Perform hand hygiene immediately after glove removal Change gloves when heavily contaminated 4. Disposable glove should not be reused

21. 21 PPE - Gown 1. When splashes or sprays of blood and body fluids, secretions and excretions to skin and working clothes are likely 2. When working clothes has substantial contact with patient, environmental surfaces or patient items 3. Select an appropriate gown for the procedure

22. 22 Surgical masks and eye protection: When splashes or sprays of blood and body fluid, secretions and excretions are likely Droplet precautions Airborne isolation precautions Change PPE promptly if heavily contaminated during the procedure PPE – Respiratory & eye protection