Asexual reproduction in_fungi[1]

this is some description about the asexual reproduction in fungi.

1. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN
FUNGI
Reproduction in fungi take place by
following methods:
 Sexual reproduction
 Asexual reproduction /Vegetative phase/somatic production
Asexual reproduction (more times than
sexual reproduction)
Spores produced by asexual reproduction is called mitospores (mitosis).

Methods of asexual reproduction:
Fragmentation:
Spores produced by hyphae breaking
up into separate cells. They are called
as arthrospores/oidia. eg: oidium sp.

2. Fission:
The cell is split into two daughter
cells by constriction and formation of
a cell wall.

Budding:
Small outgrowth (bud) is produced by
parent cell. The nucleus of the parent
cell is divides and one daughter
nucleus is migrates into the bud. The
bud increase in size ultimately brakes
off and forms new individual. Eg:
yeast

Production of asexual spores:
Lower fungi asexual spore -
sporangiospore (non motile spore/
aplanospore) +zoospore (motile spore
/ planospore) eg : zoospore -pythium,
sporangiospore-rhizopus.
Higher fungi asexual spore - only
sporangiospore.

3. Asexual fruiting bodies of fungi:
Fruiting bodies are otherwise called as sporocarp. The asexual fruiting
bodies are

Pycnidium:
Flask shaped structure whose
pseudoparanchymatouscells are lined
with pycnidiophore with an anterior
opening called as Ostiole. Eg:
muasarum,diplodia,Botrydiplodia.

Sporodochium:
Conidiophores are connected and
cemented together to form
sporodochiaum. In this conidiophores
arise from the surface of the cushion
shaped stroma. eg:
fusarium,tuberculana

Acervullai:
Saucer shaped and short
conidiophores are closely packed
arise forming a bed like structure. eg:
colletotrichum sp.

4. Synnema:
Group of conidiophores are cemented
together to form elongated spore
bearing structure sometimes resembling
cluster of feather. Eg: ceratocystis,
Graphium

Sorus:
Spore bearing hyphae are grouped into
small or large masses or clusters eg:
smut sori, rust sori.