Ashtasthana pareeksha

astasthana pareeksha-
1.Nadi -The pulse
2.Mootram – The urine
3.Malam --The faeces
4.Jihwa – The tongue
5.Sabda – The voice
6.Sparsa – Examination by palpation
7.Drik -- The eyes
8.Akriti – Dimentions of the body

1. ASHTASTHANA PAREEKSHA Presented By – Dr.Sudeesh Shetty (M.D In Roganidan &Vikriti Vijnana) Mobile :[phone] [email protected]

2. Ashtashana pareeksha is one among the different methods of rogi pareeksha. It is mentioned in yogaratnakara . Here the physician examines 8 specific sites of patients. UÉåaÉÉ¢üÉliÉ zÉUÏUxrÉ xjÉÉlÉÉlrɹÉæ mÉUϤÉrÉåiÉç lÉÉQûÏqÉÔ§ÉqÉç qÉsÉÇÎeÉÀûûÉ zÉoSxmÉzÉïSÛaÉÉMÚüÌiÉ ||( rÉÉå.U ) Nadi -- The pulse Mootram – The urine Malam --The faeces Jihwa – The tongue Sabda – The voice Sparsa – Examination by palpation Drik -- The eyes Akriti – Dimentions of the body

3. Ashtavidha pariksha  include the following Nadi /Pulse Mutra /Urine Malam /Stool Jihwa / Tongue Shabda / Speech Sparsha/ Touch Drik/ Eye Akrti / shape

4. The examination of all the 8 factors are related to pratyaksha pramana and all are objective in nature. The naadi pareeksha and sparsa pareeksha comes under sparsanendriyatah pareeksha. Sabda pareeksha comes under srotrendriyatah pareeksha and the other 5 are included under chakshurindriyatah pareeksha.

5. Naadi means passage or channels of various bodily constituents that connects various various functional aspects and is indicative of the alteration from its normalcy. The diagnosis of disease by naadi pareeksha is possible only by constant practice. It is just similar to assessment of value of precious stones. NAADI PAREEKSHA

6. Synonyms Naadi , Dhamani , Tantuki,Snayu , Jeevanajnaana xlÉÉrÉÑlÉÉïQûÏ iÉiÉÉå WûqxÉÏ kÉqÉlÉÏ kÉUhÉÏ kÉUÉ iÉliÉÑMüÐ eÉÏuÉlÉ¥ÉÉlÉÉ zÉoSÉ : mÉrÉÉïrÉuÉÉcÉMüÉ :|| (rÉÉå.U.6) site lÉÉQûÏqÉ … ÑwPqÉÔsÉÉ ±: xmÉÚzÉåiÉç SˤÉhÉaÉå MüUå ¥ ÉÉlÉÉjÉïqÉç UÉåÌaÉhÉÉå uÉæ±Éå ÌlÉeÉSˤÉhÉ mÉÉÍhÉlÉÉ |( rÉÉå.U ) MüUxrÉÉ … ÑwPqÉÔsÉå rÉÉ kÉqÉlÉÏ eÉÏuÉxÉÉˤÉhÉÏ iÉŠå·rÉÉ xÉÑZÉqÉç SÒ:ZÉqÉç ¥ ÉårÉqÉç MüÉrÉxrÉ mÉËhQûiÉæ : | | Pulsation over the naadi which lies at the root of the thumb on right hand  

7. Procedure mÉëÉrÉ : xTÑüOûÉ pÉuÉÌiÉ uÉÉqÉMüUåuÉkÉÔlÉÉqÉç , mÉÑqxÉÉqÉç cÉ SˤÉhÉMüUå DwÉiÉç ÌuÉlÉÉÍqÉiÉMüUqÉç ÌuÉiÉiÉÉ … ÑsÉÏMüqÉç , oÉÉWÒûqÉç mÉëxÉÉrÉïUÌWûiÉqÉç mÉËUmÉÏQûlÉålÉ DwÉiÉç ÌuÉlÉqÉëM×üiÉMÔümÉïU uÉÉqÉpÉÉaÉåWûxiÉå mÉëxÉÉËUiÉxÉSÉ … ÑÍsÉxÉqoÉlkÉMåü cÉ A… ÑwPqÉÔsÉmÉËUmÉζÉqÉpÉÉaÉqÉkrÉå lÉÉÌQûqÉç mÉëpÉÉiÉxÉqÉrÉå mÉëWûUqÉç mÉUϤrÉ uÉÉU§ÉrÉqÉç mÉUϤÉåiÉ kÉÚiuÉÉ kÉ×iuÉÉ ÌuÉqÉÉåcÉrÉåiÉç ÌuÉqÉÚzrÉ oÉWÒûkÉÉ oÉÑkrÉÉ UÉåaÉurÉÌ£üqÉç ÌuÉÌlÉÌSïzÉåiÉç ||(rÉÉå.U.6)   The best time for naadi pareeksha is in the morning. Both vaidya and rogi should have calm and cool mind. They must sit in a comfortable- place facing each other. The naadi of the right hand will be clear in males , while in female that of left hand. The patient’s wrist should be partially flexed, fingers extended and elbow must be supported by the physician.

8. Physician should hold the wrist of the patient by the examining hand and should place his index, middle and ring fingers one angula below the root of the thumb & then must examine the naadi . The index finger should be nearer to the angushtamoola AaÉëå uÉÉiÉuÉWûÉ lÉÉQûÏ qÉkrÉå uÉWûÌiÉ ÌmɨÉsÉÉ AliÉå zsÉåwqÉÌuÉMüÉUåhÉ lÉÉQûÏ ¥ ÉårÉÉ oÉÑkÉ : xÉSÉ ||(rÉÉå.U.7)   The vatavaha naadi can be felt in the agra bhaaga ie . By index finger, pittanaadi by middle finger and kaphanaadi by ring finger.

9. Contraindications   xÉ ±: xlÉÉiÉxrÉ pÉÑ£üxrÉ iÉjÉÉ xlÉåWûÉuÉaÉÉÌWûlÉ : ¤ ÉѨÉÚwÉÉï¨ÉxrÉ xÉÑmiÉxrÉ lÉÉQûÏ xÉqrÉMçü lÉ oÉÑkrÉiÉå ||( rÉÉå.U .)   Pulse should not be examined in the following conditions: Just after taking bath Just after taking food After internal and external oleation therapy During hunger During thirst During sleep or just after awakenin g  

10. Physiological state of nadi   WûqxÉaÉÉ cÉæuÉ rÉÉå lÉÉQûÏ iÉjÉæuÉ aÉeÉaÉÉÍqÉlÉÏ qÉÑZÉqÉç mÉëzÉxiÉqÉç cÉ pÉuÉåiÉç iÉxrÉÉUÉåarÉqÉç pÉuÉå±jÉÉ | Waveform of the naadi resembles that of swan or elephant with freshness in face signifies the healthy state. xÉÑÎZÉiÉxrÉ ÎxjÉUÉ ¥ ÉårÉÉ iÉjÉÉ oÉsÉuÉiÉÏ xqÉÚiÉÉ |( xÉÉ.xÉqÉç.mÉÔ ) Pulse of healthy individual is steady and forceful

11. PATHOLOGICAL STATE   Vataprakopaka nadi lÉÉQûÏ kɨÉå qÉÂiMüÉåmÉå eÉsÉÉæMüÉ xÉmÉïrÉÉåaÉïÌiÉqÉç |(zÉÉ.xÉqÉç.mÉÔ.3/8) Waveform of the vataprakopa naadi resembles the movement of jalouka , sarpa etc.   Pittaprakopaka naadi MÑüÍsÉ … MüÉMü qÉhQÕûMüaÉÌiÉqÉç ÌmɨxrÉ MüÉåmÉiÉ :| Condition of pulse in pittaprakopa resembles movement of kulinga ( sparrow), kaaka (crow), mandooka (frog) Kaphaja naadi WûqxÉ mÉÉUÉuÉiÉ aÉÌiÉqÉç kɨÉå zsÉåwqÉmÉëMüÉåmÉiÉ :(zÉÉ.xÉqÉç.mÉÔ.3) In kaphaprakopa , naadi resembles movements like that of rajahamsa (swan), mayura (peacock), paravata (pigeon),

12. Sannipataja naadi sÉÉuÉÌiĘ́ÉËU uɨÉÉïlÉÉqÉç aÉqÉlÉqÉç xÉͳÉmÉÉiÉiÉ:|(zÉÉ.xÉqÉç.mÉÔ.3/3 ) Waveform of sannipataja naadi resembles the movements of lava(bustard quail), tittiri (grey partridge), and vartta (button quail)

13. NADI IN VARIOUS DISEASES euÉUMüÉåmÉåhÉ kÉqÉlÉÏ xÉÉåwhÉÉ uÉåaÉuÉiÉÏ pÉuÉåiÉç | pulse is rapid and hot in fevers MüÉqÉ¢üÉåkÉÉiÉç uÉåaÉuÉWûÉ ...| Pulse rate increases during kaama (lust) and krodha (anger) ¤ ÉÏhÉÉ ÍcÉliÉÉ pÉrÉÉmsÉÑiÉÉ | It decreases during chinta (worry) and bhaya (fear) qÉlSÉalÉå ¤ ÉÏhÉkÉÉiÉÉå¶É lÉÉQûÏ qÉlSiÉUÉ pÉuÉåiÉç ..| slow and feeble in mandagni (decreased appetite) and ksheenadhatu (weak dhatus ) cÉmÉsÉÉ ¤ ÉÑÍkÉiÉxrÉ iÉÚmiÉxrÉ uÉWûÌiÉ ÎxjÉUÉ during hunger pulse becomes unsteady and in satiety it becomes stable.

14. PULSE INDICATING POOR PROGNOSIS …………………. WûÎliÉ cÉ xjÉÉlÉÌuÉcrÉÑiÉÉ ÎxjÉiuÉÉÎxjÉiuÉÉ cÉsÉÌiÉ rÉÉ xÉÉ xqÉÚiÉÉ mÉëÉhÉlÉÍzÉlÉÏ AÌiɤÉÏhÉÉ cÉ zÉÏiÉÉ cÉ eÉÏÌuÉiÉqÉç WûlirÉxÉqzÉrÉqÉç ||( zÉÉ.xÉqÉç .) Displacements of the naadi from its own place and moves slowly and slowly . This indicates poor prognosis and patient will die. Feeble and cold pulsations definitely kill the patient.

15. aÉiÉÉrÉÑUÉåïÌaÉhÉÉå sɤÉhÉqÉ AÌiÉxÉÔ¤qÉÉÌiÉuÉåaÉÉ cÉ zÉÏiÉsÉÉ cÉ pÉuÉåiÉç rÉÌS iÉSÉ uÉæ±ÉåÌuÉeÉÉlÉÏrÉÉiÉç UÉåÌaÉhÉqÉç cÉ aÉiÉÉrÉÑwÉqÉç If the pulse is so feeble , very fast or cold to touch it indicates near death. lÉÉQûÏSzÉïlÉÉlÉliÉUqÉç MüqÉï   rÉÉåUÉåÌaÉhÉ : MüUqÉç xmÉÚ·uÉÉ xuÉMüUqÉç ¤ ÉÉsÉrÉåiÉç rÉÌS UÉåaÉÉxiÉxrÉ ÌuÉlÉzrÉÎliÉ mɃ : mÉë¤ÉÉsÉlÉɱjÉÉ |   After palpating the pulse, doctor should wash his hands so that the disease will vanish like the dust does on cleaning . It is a mere indication of cleanliness.

16. SIGNIFICANCE OF NAADI PAREEKSHA rÉjÉÉ uÉÏhÉÉaÉiÉÉ iÉÎl§É xÉuÉÉïlÉç UÉaÉÉlÉç mÉëpÉÉwÉiÉå iÉjÉÉ WûxiÉaÉiÉÉ lÉÉQûÏ xÉuÉÉïlÉç UÉåaÉÉlÉç mÉëMüÉzÉrÉåiÉç uÉÉiÉqÉç ÌmɨÉqÉç MüTüqÉç ²l²qÉç ̲iÉrÉqÉç xÉÉͳÉmÉÉÌiÉMüqÉç xÉÉkrÉÉxÉÉkrÉÌuÉuÉåMüqÉç cÉ xÉuÉÉïlÉç lÉÉQûÏ mÉëMüÉzÉrÉåiÉç ||   Naadi shows each change occurring in the body, just similar to the strings of veena which produce music. Naadi can tell us doshapradhanya , dosha involved in pathogenesis, prognosis, span of life forthcoming death etc.

17. EXAMINATION OF PULSE   Pulse represents the expansile impulse produced by ventricular ejection & transmitted along the arteries. Ordinarily, pulse over the radial artery is palpated above the wrist. While examining the pulse, the following points are to be noted- the rate, rhythm, volume, character, equality on both sides, radiofemoral delay, state of arterial walls and other peripheral pulsations.   Pulse rate Count for 1 minute. Normal rate varies from 60- 100 beats per minute. Tachycardia is rate above 100 per minute and brdycardia , rate below 60 per minute.The rate is below 40/ minute in myxoedema , heart block & toxicity caused by digitalis , & in raised intra cranial tension. Marked tachycardia is seen in cardiac disorders such as heart failure , myocarditis, general conditions like fever, thyrotoxicosis, tuberculosis etc.   Rhythm Normally regular on palpation. It can be irregular in health eg : sinus arrhythmia. It may be regularly irregular in heart block and irregularly irregular in atrial fibrillation etc.   Volume This denotes the amplitude of movement of the vessel wall due to the passage of the pulse wave. Increased in high cardiac output states like aortic incompetence & mitral incompetence. Amplitude is less in low cardiac output states like mitral stenosis, shock.   Character   Dicrotic pulse- The dicrotic wave becomes more prominent and can be felt as a notch in the descending limb. Anacrotic pulse- slow rising pulse of smaller amplitude seen in aortic stenosis. Collapsing pulse- corrigans pulse/ waterhammer pulse- seen in conditions like high stroke volume & low peripheral resistance. Bisferience pulse- pulse wave shows 2 positive peaks during systole.   Pulsus paradoxus - marked reduction in amplitude during inspiration which occurs in conditions like pericardial effusion   Condition of the vessel wall The vessels are to be pressed against the underlying bone and palpated to see whether there is any thickening etc as in arteriosclerosis.

18. ÌlÉzÉÉlirÉrÉÉqÉå bÉÌOûMüÉcÉiÉѹrÉå EijÉÉmrÉ uÉæ ±: ÌMüsÉUÉåÌaÉhÉqÉçcÉ qÉÔ§ÉqÉç kÉÚiÉqÉç MüÉcÉqÉrÉå cÉ mÉɧÉå xÉÔrÉÉåïSrÉå iÉiÉç xÉiÉiÉqÉç mÉUϤÉåiÉç || iÉxrÉÉ ± kÉÉUÉqÉç mÉËUWÛûirÉ qÉkrÉkÉÉUÉåipÉuÉqiÉiÉç mÉËUkÉÉUÌrÉiuÉÉ xÉqrÉMçü mÉËU¥ÉÉrÉ aÉSxrÉWåûiÉÑqÉç MÑürÉÉïΊÌMüixÉÉqÉç xÉiÉiÉqÉç ÌWûiÉÉrÉ | ( rÉÉå U ) Urine is an important waste product of the body and its examination yields valuable information regarding health and illhealth . Normally it is having ishat peetavarnam , apicchilam (non-greasy), anavilam (clear), ushna , thikshna and kshara properties. Yogaratnakara explains the method of collection of urine along with mootrapareeksha . The mootra should be collected during the last prahara of night . It must be collected in a clean glass vessel and examined after sunrise. Initially expelled urine is expelled and the middle stream is collected.   MOOTRA PAREEKSHA

19. uÉÉiÉå cÉ mÉÉhQÒûUqÉç U£üuÉhÉïqÉç pÉuÉåiÉç ÌmɨÉå qÉÔ§ÉqÉç xÉTåülÉqÉç MüTüUÉåÌaÉhÉ : xÉͳÉmÉÉiÉå cÉ MÚüwhÉqÉç xrÉÉiÉç

20. ROGA COLOUR Agnimandya matulungarasa Ajeerna Tandulodaka Pittavataprakopa dhumrajalabha Vatakapha prakopa Sweta & phenila Kaphapittaprakopa Kalusha & rakthavarna

21. Along with the examination of color, appearance and consistency of urine, a special technique for the examination of the   Mutra,   Tailabindu pariksha , was developed to diagnose disease conditions and to find out about their prognosis. Tailabindu pariksha  is a diagnostic tool of urine examination developed by the Ayurvedic scholars, and also throws a light on the prognosis of the disease condition. To determine the sadyaasadyata of a diseases by performing taila bindu pareeksha on mootra of different individual. This study aims at using this ancient wisdom to diagnose the medical conditions and to study about their prognosis, and studying about how it can be applied to modern medical practice and its limitations TAILA BINDU PAREEKSHA

22. One drop of pure sesame oil is put over a cup of freshly collected urine ,then note its spread Spread towards varuni direction-good prognosis Southwards,agneya,vayavya,nairitya -bad prognosis Shape indicating good prognosis Lotus,jasmine,swan,pond,elephant,mountain,palace,tree Shape indicating bad prognosis - Dot,arrow,tortoise,ear lobe, man without head, part of an organ , bull,lion,tiger , pig Vatika - Boat like & lengthens like serpant Paithika - Ring like & produces bubbles Kaphaja - Sieve like & stays like a pearl

23. Mala vitiated by vata - Dry , hard with blackish discoloration Mala vitiated by pitta - yellow & green colored Mala vitiated by kapha - white colored stools MALA PAREEKSHA

24. JIHWA PAREEKSHA Vata prakopa Cold& rough, cracked Pittaprakopa Yellow or red Kaphaprakopa White & slimy Dwandaprakopa Combined features Sannipata pakopa Black,with thorn like structures ÎeÉÀûÉ zÉÏiÉÉ ZÉUxmÉzÉÉï xTÑüÌOûiÉÉ qÉÉÂiÉå AÍkÉMåü U£üÉ zrÉÉqÉÉ pÉuÉåiÉç ÌmɨÉå MüTåü zÉÑpÉëÉ AÌiÉÌmÉÎcNûsÉÉ ||

25. Other features like coating, loss of sensation, any change in size,ulcers , discolouration etc are to be tested.

26. vataparakopa Abnormal other than guru & sphuta pittaprakopa aspashta Kapha prakopa Guru Durbala Aspashta Nasarodha Anunasika vaatapitta Pralaapa     aÉÑÂxuÉUÉå pÉuÉåiÉç zsÉåwqÉÉ xTÑüOûuÉ£üÉ cÉ ÌmɨÉsÉ :| EpÉÉprÉÉqÉç UÌWûiÉÉå uÉÉiÉ : xuÉUiɶÉæuÉ sɤÉrÉåiÉç || SABDA PAREEKSHA

27. Dosha kopa Sparsa visesha Vata Sheeta Pitta Ushna kapha ardra     ÌmɨÉUÉåaÉÏ pÉuÉåiÉç EwhÉÉå uÉÉiÉUÉåaÉÏ cÉ zÉÏiÉsÉÉ : zsÉåwqÉsÉ : xÉ pÉuÉåSÉSìï : xmÉzÉïiɶÉæuÉ sɤÉrÉåiÉç || SPARSA PAREEKSHA

28.   Vataja lakshanas   dhumra -smoky aruna varna ruksha chanchala antahpravishta - sunken eyes Pittaja lakshanas Haridra & rakta varna thikshna Prabha-lustruos Dahayukta Kaphaja lakshanas Sveta , dhavala , snigdha DRIK PAREEKSHA

29. Akriti pareeksha is the judgement of ones disease status by the examination of ones body features. Pramana & samhanana pareeksha are essential in this.   AKRITI PAREEKSHA

30. THANK U