Asthenopia

it is condition in which the slight ocular discomfort , headache, general be following symptom is present as eyestrain, fatigueness after reading ,heaviness of lids and sleepininess after reading.

1. Asthenopia

2. Asthenopia - it is condition in which the slight ocular discomfort , headache , general be following symptom is present as eyestrain, fatigueness after reading, heaviness of lids and sleepiness after reading Cause - Uncorrected refractive error. Defects of ocular motility. Accommodation and convergence insufficiency. Nutritional diet and vitamins​.

3. 1- Asthenopia in uncorrected refractive error - It is small degree of refractive cases. Myopia - in myopic patient held the book more near and normal distance. He is required more convergence. Hypermetropia - if the patient is required more use of ciliary muscle to focus the near object sharply. Astigmatism - these symptoms are more severe cases of hypermetropia astigmatism in which accommodation makes effort to overcome hypermetropia.​

4. Anisometropia - the patient is unequal blur. Accommodation is developed these symptoms. 2- asthenopia in defects of ocular motility - asthenopia is seen in the hypermetropia deviations of eye and break the fusion of patients is focus the object to develop the asthenopic symptoms. 3- asthenopic in accommodation and convergence insufficiency - it is for near object change the power of eye. The accommodation is insufficiency the eye power is not fully change ,in convergence insufficiency the eye is not fully converge the focus object these are more object of accommodation

5. insufficiency due to illness and toxic condition disorders. Clinical profile - Nonvisual ocular symptoms - the patient usually complain of tiredness of the eye after near work. A temporary relief is obtained by resting or rubbing. It is unhealthy condition of lid and conjunctiva watery suffered and blurred. Headache - headache is not fully understood but presumably is rests upon same basis as other referred pain of visceral origin. So ciliary pain caused by increased muscular efforts in

6. Asthenopia is referred to the areas associated with the cervical segment which connect with the superior cervical ganglion. The ophthalmic devision of the gift nerve is represented most caudally so that ciliary pain primarily frontal and occipital in distribution. Visual symptoms - this is especially seen the eye much for reading or study of small objects over long periods of time while fine sewing,the cinema , motor driving, in the distraction of confusing traffic. The ciliary muscle gives up

7. Attempt to focus and the image becomes indistinct or the ocular muscle slip back into their condition of rest and diplopia results. Other general symptoms of eyestrain - digestive upset such as dyspepsia, nausea, vague nervous disorders such as dizziness, insomnia and depression and many other symptoms have all in the past been variously attributed to eyestrain.

8. Management of asthenopia Refraction - it is done under cycloplegic prescribed actual required to glass. Orthoptic treatment - orthoptic exercise to improve the muscle power and develop the vision. Prismotherapy - base in prism are prescribed in convergence insufficiency only if orthoptic exercises fail. General management - improve the general health and advise the multivitamin and nutritional diet.