ATHEROSCLEROSIS .pptx

ATHEROSCLEROSIS .

1. INTRODUCTION . GROSS FEATURES. MICROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY . ATHEROSCLEROSIS. BY : DR. IMBSAT NAEEM

2. INTRODUCTION It is the type of arteriosclerosis , characterised by the formation of intimal fibrofatty plaques rich in lipids . A fully developed atherosclerotic lesion is called atheromatous plaque or atheroma . Commonly in aorta & coronory arteries.

3. PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS. ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE HAS 3 PRICIPAL COMPONENTS: 1- CELLULAR : Smooth muscles, Macrophages & T cells. 2-ECM : collagen , elastic fibers & proteoglycans. 3-Intracellular & Extracellular Lipids

4. PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS .

5. GROSS FEATURES MILD CORONORY ATHEROSCLEROSIS. SEVERE CORONORY ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

6. GROSS FEATURES 1. ATHEROMATOUS PLAQUE IS ECCENTRICALLY LOCATED BULDGING INTO LUMEN . 2. CUT SECTION SHOWS A FIRM FIBROUS CAP & CENTRAL YELLOWISH -WHITE PORRIDGE LIKE CORE . 3. GRITTINESS OWING TO CALCIFICATION IN THE LESION

7. MICROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY L : vessel Lumen F : Fibrous cap C : lipid core.

8. MICROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY A -PLAQUE RUPTURE WITHOUT SUPERIMPOSED THROMBUS B -ACUTE CORONORY THROMBOSIS SUPERIMPOSED ON ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE . (Arrows indicating site of plaque rupture )

9. MICROSCOPIC FEATURES. 1-Superficial luminal part of the fibrous cap is covered by endothelium and is compsed of smooth muscles , dense connective tissue and extracellular matrix . 2-Cellular area under fibrous cap is composed of macrophages , foam cells and lymphocytes.

10. MICROSCOPIC FEATURES 3-Deep central soft core consists of extracellular lipids , cholestrol clefts , necrotic debris and lipid laden foam cells. 4-Calcium salts are deposited in the vicinty of the necrotic area and in the lipid pool.

11. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF ATHEROMATOUS PLAQUE

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