Atomic structure chemistry - Bohr model, modern periodic table

It was about atomic structure

1. Atomic structure

2. Topics to be covered Idea of de-Broglie matter waves Heisenberg uncertainity principle Atomic orbitals Schrondinger wave equation Significance of ψ and ψ 2 Quantum numbers Radial and angular functions Probability distribution curves Shapes of s, p, d orbitals Aufbau and pauli exclusion principles Hund’s rule Electronic configuration classification of elements as s, p, d, f

3. Idea of de-Broglie matter waves Louis de-Broglie thought that similar to the dual nature of light, material particles must also possess the dual character of particle and wave. This means that material particles sometimes behave as particle nature and sometimes behave like a wave nature. According to de-Broglie – A moving particle is always associated with a wave, called as de-Broglie matter-wave, whose wavelengths depend upon the mass of the particle and its velocity . According to Planck’s theory of radiation– E= hν ……… (1) Where h – Planck’s constant ν - frequency According to Einstein’s mass-energy relation – E=mc 2

4. mc2=h ν mc2= hc / λ λ= h/ mc λ= h/P Similarly from equation  (3) the expression for matter waves can be written as Where  P –Momentum of Photon 1.) de-Broglie Wavelength in terms of Kinetic Energy .

5. Properties of matter wave → Matter waves are generated only if the material's particles are in motion. Matter-wave is produced whether the particles are charged or uncharged. The velocity of the matter wave is constant; it depends on the velocity of material particles. For the velocity of a given particle, the wavelength of matter waves will be shorter for a particle of large mass and vice-versa. The matter waves are not electromagnetic waves. The wave and particle nature of moving bodies can never be observed simultaneously.