Australia

our multicultural class

1. Australia Australia is the world’s smallest and flattest continent. It has some of earth’s oldest and least fertile soils. Only antarctica receives less rainfall than some parts of Australia! It’s surrounded by the Indian and pacific oceans. The capital of Australia is Melbourne.

2. Geography Australia is the only country in the world that covers an entire continent. It is one of the largest countries on Earth. Although it is rich in natural resources and has a lot of fertile land, more than one-third of Australia is desert.

3. History At the time of first European contact, most Indigenous Australians were hunter-gatherers with complex economies and societies. Recent archaeological finds suggest that a population of 750,000 could have been sustained. Indigenous Australians have an oral culture with spiritual values based on reverence for the land and a belief in the Dreamtime. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, obtained their livelihood from seasonal horticulture and the resources of their reefs and seas. The northern coasts and waters of Australia were visited sporadically for trade by  Makassan  fishermen from what is now Indonesia.

4. Economy Australia’s economic freedom score is 82.4, making its economy the 3rd freest in the 2021 Index. Its overall score has decreased by 0.2 point, primarily because of a decline in the score for government spending. Australia is ranked 3rd among 40 countries in the Asia–Pacific region, and its overall score is above the regional and world averages. Australia has been a leader in economic freedom ever since the inception of the Index in 1995, and its economy has been in the highest (free) category for the past 15 years. The country’s scores on the three rule-of-law indicators (property rights, judicial effectiveness, and government integrity) are among the highest in the world.

5. Culture The culture of Australia is primarily a Western culture, derived from Britain but also influenced by the unique geography of Australia, the cultural input of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and other Australian people. The British colonization of Australia began in 1788, and waves of multi-ethnic migration followed.

6. Currency Of Australia The Australian dollar was introduced on 14 February 1966 to replace the pre-decimal Australian pound, with the conversion rate of A$2 per = A£1. The Australian dollar was legal tender of Papua New Guinea until 31 December 1975, when the Papua New Guinean kina became sole legal tender, and of the Solomon Islands until 1977, when the Solomon Islands dollar became sole legal tender. In 2016, the Australian dollar was the fifth most traded currency in world foreign exchange markets, accounting for 6.9% of the world's daily share. In the same year there were US$57.71 billion equivalent in Australian currency in circulation, $2,379.05 per person in Australia, which includes cash reserves held by the banking system and cash in circulation in other countries or held as a foreign exchange reserve.

7. Australia’s Climate Huge desert plains stretch across the country’s middle. Central Australia’s climate is hot and dry. There are milder climates along the southeastern and southwestern coasts. Most Australians live in the southeastern coastal region.

8. Famous Sight Of Australia The 7 most famous sights: Great Ocean Road Sydney Opera House Blue Mountains National Park Fraser Island Coral Sea Great Barrier Reef Harbor Bridge Ayer Rock

9. The Map Of Australia

10. Sydney Opera House The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue performing arts centre in Sydney. Located on the banks of the Sydney Harbour, it is often regarded as one of the world's most famous and distinctive buildings and a masterpiece of 20th century architecture. Designed by Danish architect Jorn Utzon , but completed by an Australian architectural team headed by Peter Hall, the building was formally opened on 20 October 1973 after a gestation beginning with Utzon's 1957 selection as winner of an international design competition

11. Coral Sea It’s off the northeast coast of Australia, part of the Pacific Ocean. When the earth’s crust moved millions of years ago, it created the Coral Sea and the Great Dividing Range (largest mountain range in Australia). Coral Sea islands are scattered over thousands of miles of ocean. No one lives on the islands except for a small group of weather specialists.

12. Great Barrier Reef This is the world’s largest coral reef. It’s over 1,200 miles long! It lies off the northeast coast of Queensland, in the Coral Sea. It contains an amazing variety of marine life, including the world’s largest collection of coral. 400 types of coral, 1,500 species of fish, & 4,000 mollusks (snails, clams, octopi, & squid) are found here. It’s also home to rare species like the sea cow and the large green turtle.

13. Ayer Rock A huge, reddish rock in the center of Australia. It’s located very close to the geographic center of the continent. It’s a monolith , which is a single, large rock sticking out of the earth. It appears reddish because its iron content “rusts” at the surface. It’s nearly 12 stories high and almost 6 miles wide!

14. Animals Of Australia

15. The End