Authoritarian theory

Presentation about the authoritarian theory and brief explanation

1. AUTHORITARIAN THEORY

2. AUTHORITARIAN THEORY It is the idea that placed all forms of communication under the control of a governing elites or authorities . It is a normative theory of mass communication where mass media is influenced and overpowered by power and authority in the nations . The press and media cannot work independently and their works are suspected to censorship.

3. Origin Originated from the philosophy of Plato (407-327 B.C.) The English monarchs used this approach when the printing press was invented by censoring, licensing, taxation and making laws. Media is influenced and overpowered by power and authority in the nations

4. A ssumptions Authoritarians are necessary to control the media. The press is an instrument to enhance the ruler's power in the country. The authorities have all rights to permit any media and control it by providing license to the media and make certain censorship.

5. Historical background it is recognized in 1956 by three professors of communication 1 . fred S. siebert 2 . theodore peterson 3 . wilbur schramm . developed in the 16th and 17th century in England Who owns the media in an authoritarian system? History provides us with many examples. Two stand out: “Germany under Hitler and Italy under Mussolini”

6. Censorship Censorship is a suppression of any communication which may consider as harmful to the people, King, government and its nation. In some other cases, the censorship helps to protect the rulers and authorities from sensitive issues. Especially these censorship methods are much familiar in press which against the freedom of speech and freedom of expression

7. Types of censors Political censor Moral censor Religious censor Military censor Corporate censor

8. Political Censor Political censorship  exists when a government attempts to conceal, fake, distort, or falsify information that its citizens receive by suppressing or crowding out  political news that the public might receive through news outlets.

9. Moral censor the suppression of materials that the public considers obscene or offensive. Child pornography is restricted in many countries because it is seen as being  morally  wrong.

10. Religious censor a form of  censorship  where freedom of expression is controlled or limited using religious  authority or on the basis of the teachings of the religion . 

11. Military censor refers to requirements imposed by  military  officials upon journalists that the latter submit their dispatches to  military censors  so that the dispatches can be reviewed for material the content of which the  military  does not want to see published.

12. Corporate censor Corporate censorship  is  censorship  by  corporations . It is when a spokesperson, employer, or  business  associate sanctions a speaker's speech by threat of monetary loss, employment loss, or loss of access to the marketplace.

13. Concepts of Authoritarian Theory of Press Press is taken as a weapon of the powerful. It is used to increase the power of the rulers. The authorities can also cancel the license Authoritarian theory is taken as a theory used by the dictatorship governments, but can also be seen in democratic as well as dictatorial nations.

14. Concepts of Authoritarian Theory of Press Information, when distributed, might put security at risk and cause to be a national threat. Thus, the theory is justified by saying that state is greater than individual rights where state controls the media, especially in the time of emergencies like wars and conflicts.

15. Example of authoritarian theory KING King is the authority, who has all rights to control the communication and no one can question against the king . DICTATORSHIP Dictatorship During the world war II Hitler and Mussolini are the two major authorities who controlled the press in Germany

16. Strengths of Authoritarian Theory of Press This approach is sometimes better for resolving social and cultural conflicts. It is also better sometimes because it motivates people to work for the country and its people. This theory can act as a gatekeeper and prevent the media that act irresponsibly. The theory can be used for establishing propaganda.

17. Weakness of Authoritarian Theory of Press Common people are taken as less intelligent and as an easy target to manipulate. The ruling class uses the media only for their own benefits. The freedom of expression and information of normal people is attacked.

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