Axilla

Anatomy of axilla

1. 1
AXILLA
Maj Rishi Pokhrel
Department of anatomy
NAIHSwww.slideshare.net

2. INTRODUCTION
•‘Truncated pyramidal’
space between upper
part of arm and chest
wall
•Has 4 walls, apex, base

4. 4

5. SP DEPT OF ANATOMY AFMC 5

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Apex
•Truncated
•Directed upwards and medially
•Communicates with neck via cervico axillary canal
•Formation
•ant – clavicle
•post – sup border of scapula
•medial – outer border 1st rib

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cervico axillary canal

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Structures passing through apex
• Axillary vessels
• Cords of BP
• Long thoracic N
• LN efferents

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Base
•Concavity directed below
•Boundaries
•Ant : anterior axillary fold
•Post: posterior axillary fold
•Medial: Chest wall
•Lateral: arm
•Formed by: skin, superficial fasciae, & deep fascia
•Deep fascia: axillary fascia extending between Pectoralis Major
(ant fold) and Lat Dorsi & Teres Major (post fold)
•Supported by Suspensory lig of Axilla

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Anterior wall
Formed of
•clavicle
•Pectoralis major &
minor
•Subclavius
•Clavipectoral fascia
•Suspensory
ligament of
axilla

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Post wall
–Formed by
•Subscapularis
•Teres major
•Lattisimus dorsi

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subscapularis
teres major
lattisimus dorsi

16. •Upper 4 ribs with
intercostal muscles
•Serratus ant (upper
portion) with fascia
•Long thoracic nerve
deep to fascia
•Intercostobrachial
nerve pierce medial
wall
Medial wall

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•Bicipital groove of
humerus with
•Teres Major
•Lattisimus dorsi
•Pectoralis major
•Long head of biceps
•Short head of
biceps
•Coracobrachialis
Lateral wall

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Contents
•Axillary artery and branches
•Axillary vein & tributaries
•Brachial Plexus cords &
branches
•Long Thoracic nerve
•Intercostobrachial N
•Axillary fat
•Areolar tissue
•Axillary LN
•Axillary tail of breast

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Axillary vein

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Axillary artery

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Axillary lymph nodes
•20-30 in number, embedded in the fibro fatty tissue of Axilla
•Drain
•Lateral part of breast
•Superficial lymphatic vessels from thoraco lumbar
region above level of umbilicus
•Whole of upper limb except lateral side of arm, forearm,
hand.

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Axillary lymph nodes
•ANTERIOR; (pectoral) along medial wall with Lateral
Thoracic vein
•POSTERIOR: (Subscapular ) along medial wall with
Subscapular vein
•LATERAL: along medial side of axillary vein
•CENTRAL: in Centre of Axillary fat, Related to
Intercostobrachial N
•APICAL: at apex of Axilla
•INFRACLAVICULAR: on Clavipectoral fascia in
deltopectoral groove

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