Bacteria l classification(sperical).pptx

Brief explanation about bacterial shape, cocci and its species

1. Bacterial classification Bacteria are classified into five groups according to their basic shapes: spherical (cocci), rod (bacilli), spiral (spirilla), comma (vibrios) or corkscrew (spirochaetes). They can exist as single cells, in pairs, chains or clusters.

2. Bacteria are found in every habitat on Earth: soil, rock, oceans and even arctic snow. Some live in or on other organisms including plants and animals including humans. There are approximately 10 times as many bacterial cells as human cells in the human body. A lot of these bacterial cells are found lining the digestive system. Some bacteria live in the soil or on dead plant matter where they play an important role in the cycling of nutrients. Some types cause food spoilage and crop damage but others are incredibly useful in the production of fermented foods such as yoghurt and soy sauce. Relatively few bacteria are parasites or pathogens that cause disease in animals and plants What's A Bacteria ? Well Lets See General Introduction About Bacteria

3. Bacteria’s Are Mainly Classified Upon Their Shapes And Staining Nature Staining Nature Consists Of Two Types Gram positive Gram negative HOWEVER THEY ARE MAINLY CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THEIR BASIC SHAPES. There Are Total Five Groups Of Bacterial Shapes Spherical (Cocci) Rod (Bacilli) Spiral (Spirilla) Comma (Vibrio's) Corkscrew (Spirochaetes).

4. IN THIS PPT WE WILL ONLY DISCUSS ABOUT THE SHAPE SPHERICAL (COCCI) AND ITS TYPES.

5. Spherical (cocci) There are four types of cocci that are Staphylococci Streptococci Diplococci Enterococci A coccus (cocci) is any bacterium or archaeon that has a spherical, ovoid, or generally round shape.   Cocci can grow in pairs, chains, or clusters, depending on their orientation and attachment during cell division. In contrast to many bacilli-shaped bacteria, most cocci bacteria do not have flagella and are non-motile

6. Staphylococcus Staphylococcus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the family Staphylococcaceae from the order Bacillales. Under the microscope, they appear spherical, and form in grape-like clusters. Staphylococcus species are facultative non-spore-forming, nonmotile Staphylococcal infections, commonly called staph infections, are caused by a genus of bacteria called Staphylococcus. There are more than 30 strains (types) of Staphylococcus bacteria. The most common human pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus. A pathogen is an organism that causes disease. Most cases of staph infection on the skin can be treated with a topical antibiotic (applied to your skin). Your healthcare provider may also drain a boil or abscess by making a small incision (cut) to let the pus out.

7. Lower classifications:  Staphylococcus epidermidis, MORE Scientific name:  Staphylococcus Class:  Bacilli Domain:  Bacteria Family:  Staphylococcaceae Genus:  Staphylococcus; Rosenbach 1884 Order:  Bacillales

8. Staphylococcus Staph Infections Isolated Staphylococcus colonies on petri dish

9. Staphylococcus includes at least 44 species One of the main one and most studied staphylococcus is Staphylococcus Aures Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive spherically shaped bacterium, a member of the bacillota, and is a usual member of the microbiota of the body, frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin It is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections such as abscesses (boils), furuncles, and cellulitis

10. Some skin infections of Staphylococcus

11. Treatment For staphylococcus Antibiotics:  Your health care provider may perform tests to identify the staph bacteria behind your infection. This can help your provider choose the antibiotic that will work best for you. Antibiotics commonly prescribed to treat staph infections include cefazolin, nafcillin, oxacillin, vancomycin, daptomycin and linezolid. Wound drainage.  If you have a skin infection, your provider may make a cut (incision) into the sore to drain fluid that has collected there. The area is also thorough Device removal.  If your infection involves a medical device, such as a urinary catheter, cardiac pacemaker or artificial joint, prompt removal of the device may be needed. For some devices, removal might require surgeryly cleaned

12. Prevention For staphylococcus These commonsense precautions can help lower your risk of getting staph infections: Wash your hands. Thorough hand washing is your best defense against germs. Keep wounds covered. Reduce tampon risks. Keep personal items personal. Wash clothing and bedding. Take food safety precautions.

13. b. Streptococcus Streptococcus is a genus of gram-positive coccus or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales, in the phylum Bacillota. Cell division in streptococci occurs along a single axis, thus when growing they tend to form pairs or chains, which may appear bent or twisted Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a type of bacteria that can cause skin, soft tissue and respiratory tract infections. It is spread from person-to-person through respiratory droplets such as from coughing or sneezing and from touching skin or other surfaces contaminated Group A streptococcus bacteria can be treated with common, inexpensive antibiotics. Penicillin is the drug of choice for both mild and severe disease. For penicillin-allergic patients with mild illness, erythromycin can be used, although occasional resistance has been seen.

14. Lower classifications:  Streptococcus pyogenes, MORE Class:  Bacilli Genus:  Streptococcus; Rosenbach, 1884 Domain:  Bacteria Family:  Streptococcaceae Order:  Lactobacillales Phylum:  Bacillota

15. Streptococcus ISOLATED STREPTOCOCCUS COLONIES ON PETRI DISH

16. The genus Streptococcus has over 20 species, and its classification is complex.    Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pyogenes is a species of Gram-positive, aerotolerant bacteria in the genus Streptococcus. These bacteria are extracellular, and made up of non-motile and non-sporing cocci (round cells) that tend to link in chains   They are clinically important for humans, as they are an infrequent, but usually pathogenic, part of the skin microbiota that can cause Group A streptococcal infection.  S. pyogenes is the predominant species harboring the Lancefield group A antigen, and is often called group A Streptococcus (GAS). One of the main one and the most studied one is

17. Some skin infections of Streptococcus

18. Treatment For staphylococcus Antibiotics If your doctor diagnoses you or your child with strep throat, your doctor will likely prescribe an oral antibiotic. If taken within 48 hours of the onset of the illness, antibiotics reduce the duration and severity of symptoms, as well as the risk of complications and the likelihood that infection will spread to others. Symptom relievers To relieve throat pain and reduce fever, try over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or acetaminophen (Tylenol, others

19. Prevention For streptococcus The best way to prevent strep throat is by practicing good hygiene. You should wash your hands frequently with soap and water for 20 seconds. It’s especially important to wash your hands before eating (to protect yourself) and after coughing and sneezing (to protect others). There are other steps you can take to prevent strep throat, including: Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap and water aren’t available. If possible, cough or sneeze into a tissue. Throw your used tissue in the garbage. If you don’t have a tissue, cough or sneeze into your elbow, not your hands. Don’t share cups and utensils with anyone who’s sick, and don’t share your own when you’re sick .