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1. Bio-fuel the innovations in Biotechnology for a sustainable Future 1

2. Contents Problems What is biofuel Production of biodiesel from algae Methodology Results References 2

3. PROBLEMS Petroleum product consumption is increasing day by day because of tremendous increase in vehicle on road. thus hydrocarbon consumption increase the environmental pollution. Produces nitrogen oxides , contribute to the smog and acid rain . Sulphur dioxide, causes respiratory problem, & acid rain. Fossil fuels harm the environment. Carbon dioxide , co2 are emissions from petrol fuels that are major contributor to global warming. https://images.app.goo.gl/h2wGj7rZ44VuHoJo9 3

4. What is biofuel? Biofuel is the fuel which is produced from organic products and wastes. Fuels that are produced from renewable resources , especially plants, vegetable oils, algae, animal fats. The common commercially used biofuels are such as bioethanol, biodiesel, and biomethane. https://images.app.goo.gl/WxhKjhfhuEVden2Y9 4

5. PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM ALGAE The algae are now becoming the main source of biofuel production in the world . They are considered as the safer , non-competitive & rapidly growing organism among those could be used for biodiesel production . (Robert,2013) https://images.app.goo.gl/h2wGj7rZ44VuHoJo9 5

6. METHODOLOGY Collection of sample Powder form : Algae were ground with mortar and pestle. T he a lgae were dried for 20 mins for 80 c in a incubator for releasing water . Oil extraction : Hexane and Ether solution 20ml each were mixed with the dried algae to extract oil .Then the mixture kept for 24h for settling. Biomass collection: The biomass was collected after filtration (Whatman’s No.1 filter paper is used for filtration) Heating : The solution was heated in water bath at 50c, to release the hexane and ether solution. 6

7. CONTINUE… Mixing of catalyst and methanol : 0.25g of NaOH was mixed with 24ml of methanol stirred properly for 20mins. The mixture of catalyst and methanol was poured into the algal oil in a conical flask . Transesterification : Transesterification is the chemical process used to convert Algal oil (Triglycerides) into the Biodiesel (Methyl esters) and byproduct glycerol , by reacting with an alcohol (usually methanol) in presence of catalyst (NaOH).The conical flask containing solution was shaken for 1h by electric shaker at 3000rpm. Settling : After shaking the solution kept for 16h to settle the biodiesel production. Separation : Biodiesel (Upper layer) was carefully separated from glycerol (Bottom layer). 7

8. RESULTS The algae was successfully used as a raw material for production of biodiesel . Algae are an economical choice for a biodiesel production , Because its availability and low cost . Biodiesel can also be produced from Algae https://images.a pp.goo.gl/WxhKjhfhuEVden2Y9 8

9. REFERENCES Thomas. F.R., 2006. Algae for liquid fuel production. Retrieved on 2006-12-18 . permaculture. Saloni V. Mahyavanshi , Dr.Krishpa B.shah , Dr. Brijesh shah ,2021.Production of biodiesel from algae . Gajanan Kumbhar et al., 2020. Biodiesel from algae . http://biofuel.org.uk/advantages-of-biofuels.html http://biofuel.org.uk/disadvantages-of-biofuels.html http://biofuel.org.uk/biofuel-facts.html 9

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