BALLARD SCALE Maturational assessment of gestational age .pptx

The Ballard score is based on the neonate's physical and neuromuscular maturity and can be used up to 4 days after birth (in practice, the Ballard score is usually used in the first 24 hours). The neuromuscular components are more consistent over time because the physical components mature quickly after birth.
Based on gestational age, neonates are classified as (2)

Preterm: < 37 weeks of gestation

Late preterm: 34 to 36 6/7 weeks

Early term: 37 0/7 weeks through 38 6/7 weeks

Full term: 39 0/7 weeks through 40 6/7 weeks

Late term: 41 0/7 weeks through 41 6/7 weeks

Post term: ≥ 42 0/7 weeks

1. BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta Suresh Telrandhe [email protected] II-MPT, Department of Neuro-Physiotherapy, Maharashtra Institute Of Physiotherapy, Latur Maharashtra, India – 413 531.

2. 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 3 Maturational Assessment of Gestational Age

3. Intended Learning objectives At the end of the session you will be able to know about: Inventors of Ballard scale. Understand the purpose of the Ballard scale Learn how to use it. How to calculate the total score of it. 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 4

4. Inventors 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 5 Dr. Jeanne Ballard

5. INTRODUCTION The Ballard scale is based on the neonate’s physical and neuromuscular signs of maturity . Gestational age and growth parameters help identify the risk of neonatal parameter help identify the risk of neonatal pathology. Is commonly used to determine gestational age . Scores are given for 6 physical and 6 neuromuscular development signs of maturity. Score range from -10 to +50. 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 6

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7. Neuromuscular Maturity 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 8

8. 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 9

9. Neuromuscular Maturity POSTURE: 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 10

10. Square Window 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 11

11. Arm Recoil 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 12

12. Popliteal Angle 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 13

13. Scarf Sign 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 14

14. Heel to Ear T his maneuver measures passive flexor tone about the pelvic girdle by testing for passive flexion or resistance to extension of posterior hip flexor muscles. The infant is placed supine and the flexed lower extremity is brought to rest on the mattress alongside the infant's trunk. The examiner supports the infant's thigh laterally alongside the body with the palm of one hand. The other hand is used to grasp the infant's foot at the sides and pull it toward the ipsilateral ear. 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 15

15. Physical Maturity 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 16

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17. 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 18

18. REFERENCES Ballard JL, Khoury JC, Wedig K, et al: New Ballard Score, expanded to include extremely premature infants. J Pediatr 1991; 119:417–423. Reprinted by permission of Dr Ballard and Mosby—Year Book, Inc Lee AC, Panchal P, Folger L, et al: Diagnostic accuracy of neonatal assessment for gestational age determination: A systematic review. Pediatrics 140(6):e20171423, 2017. doi : 10.1542/peds.2017-1423 Spong CY: Defining "term" pregnancy: Recommendations from the Defining "Term" Pregnancy Workgroup. JAMA 309(23):2445–2446, 2013. doi : 10.1001/jama.2013.6235 6/13/2024 BALLARD SCALE Dr. Yukta T. [email protected] 19

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