Bandaging.pptx

Community Health Nursing

1. BANDAGING

2. at the end of the session participant will be able to; Define bandaging. Explain the purpose of bandaging. List the types of bandages. State the sizes of Bandages Describe the principal of bandaging. Methods of applying Bandages. Identify the complication of bandaging.

3. Definition of a Bandage A strip of material used mainly to support and immobilize a part of the body.

4. Purpose of Bandaging To support – fractured bone. To immobilize – Dislocated shoulder To apply pressure – Stop bleeding and improve venous blood flow. To secure a dressing place To retain splints in place.

5. Types of Bandages Triangular Bandage Triangular bandages could be used on upper limbs fractured or dislocations to support and immobilization. Crepe Bandage – Elastic Bandage Type of woven gauze which has the quality of stretching Gauze/Cotton Bandage Lightly woven, cotton material. Frequently used to retain dressings on wounds of fingers, hands, toes, feet, ears, eyes, head. Adhesive Bandage Use to retain dressing and also used where application to an area is needed.

6. Sizes of Bandage The size of the bandage varies according to the part it is supposed to bandage. Part to be Bandaged Width (cm) Length ( Mts ) Head Trunk Leg Arm Fingers Hand & Wrist 5 10 to 15 6 to 8 5 to 6 2.5 5 4 to 6 6 to 8 4 3 to 4 2 3

7. Principle of Bandaging Assess the body part to be bandaged to ensure correct size and bandage measurement. Stand in front of the patient except bandaging over the head which is standing behind the patient. Support affected limb. Always start bandaging from upper to lower part of the limb and from inner to outer part of the limb. Ensure the bandage not to loose or to tight. Always start and end bandaging with two circular turn. Bandage must be covering 2/3 of the bandaged area. (1/3 width seen from the outer side) Expose the toes and fingers to check circulation (6P). Check the circulation (6P) every 4 hourly.

8. What is 6P?? PAIN – Where the pain is located and the characteristics of the pain. PULSE – Check peripheral pulse. PALLOR – Observe colour and temperature of the skin. PARATHESIA – Increase and decrease in sensation. PARALYSIS – Mobility of the limb. PUFFINESS – Swollen extremity .

9. Methods of applying Bandages Circular Spiral Reverse spiral Figure of eight Triangular Bandage Sling

10. Anchoring the Bandage

11. Fastening the Bandage

12. Circular Turn Circular turns are used chiefly to anchor bandages and to terminate bandages. Apply the end of the bandage to the part of the body to be bandaged. Encircle the body part a few times or as needed, each turn directly covering the previous turn. Secure the end of the bandage with tape, metal clips or a safety pin.

13. Circular Bandage

14. Spiral Turn Spiral turns are used to bandage cylindrical parts of the body that are fairly uniform in circumference, such as upper arm and upper leg. Make two circular turns to begin the bandage. Continue spiral turns at about a 30 degree angle, each turn overlapping the preceding one 2/3 the width of the bandage. End the bandage with two circular turns, and secure the end as described for circular turns.

15. Spiral Bandage

16. Spiral Reverse Turn Spiral reverse turns are used to bandage cylindrical parts of the body that are not uniform in circumference, such as the lower leg or lower fore arm. Begin the bandage with 2 circular turns, and bring the bandage upward about 30 degree angle. Place the thumb of the free hand on the upper edge of the bandage. The thumb will hold the bandage while it is folded on it self.

17. Cont.. Unroll the bandage about 4-6” then turn the hand so that the bandage is folded down. Continue the bandage around the limb, overlapping each previous turn by 2/3 width of the bandage. Make each bandage turn at the same position on the limb so that the turns of the bandage will be aligned. Terminate the bandage with two circular turns, and secure the end as described for circular turns.

18. Cont ….

19. Figure of Eight Turn Application of Bandages on Elbow, Ankle and Knee. Begin the bandage with two circular turns. Carry the bandage above the joint, around it, and then below it, making a figure of eight – continue above and below the joint, overlapping the previous turn by 2/3 width of the bandage. Terminate the bandage above the joint with two circular turns, and secure the end appropriately.

20. Cont … Figure of Eight Turn

21. Figure of 8 Hand

22. Figure of 8 Forearm

23. Figure of 8 Elbow

24. Figure of 8 with Heel Exposed

25. Triangular Bandage Sling Insert the material under the injured arm so that the arm is in the centre, the apex of the sling is beyond the elbow, and the top corner of the material is over the shoulder of the injured side. Position forearm so that the hand is slightly higher than the elbow (about 10 degree angle) Bring the lower position of the material over the injured arm so that the bottom corner goes over the shoulder of the uninjured side. Bring the top corner behind the patient’s neck. Tie the two corners together so that the knot will not slip.

26. TYING THE BANDAGE:  KNOT SHOULD NOT CAUSE DISCOMFORT.  TUCK THE LOOSE ENDS OF BANDAGE OUT OF SIGHT

27. Cont … Triangular Arm Sling

28. Securing Bandage Bandage Tape Safety Pin

29. Complication of Bandaging Altered blood circulation over the affected limb. Pain and numbness over the affected limb – tight bandage.

30. The key points when applying a bandage are: make sure the person is comfortable and tell them what you're doing work from the side of the injury so you do not have to lean across their body keep the injured part of the body supported in the position it'll be in when the bandage is on use the right size bandage – different parts of the body need different widths of bandage avoid covering fingers or toes when bandaging a limb so you can easily check the circulation

31. apply the bandage firmly, but not tightly, and secure the end by folding it over and tying a knot in the end. You can also use a safety pin, tape or a bandage clip. as soon as the bandage is on, ask if it feels too tight and check the circulation by pressing on a fingernail or a piece of skin until it turns pale. If the colour does not return straight away, the bandage may be too tight, so you should loosen it. Limbs can swell up after an injury, so check the circulation every 10 minutes after you have put the bandage on.

32. THANK YOU

33. Questions & Answers

34. List the purpose of bandaging. What is 6p?

35. Refferences Sachwani , A. (14 July,2014). Fisrt Aid Bandaging. Retrieved from slideshare.net:http ://www/slideshare.net