Barrier methods of contraceptive

Helpful for Mbbs students.

1. Barrier methods of contraceptive. By - FAHAD AHMAD Roll No. - 27 3 rd year MBBS student HIMSR

2. DEFINATION : Barrier methods work by preventing the passage of sperm into the female genital tract.

3. TYPES OF BARRIER METHODS:

4. Male condom. Most widely used. Made up of fine latex sheath. Instructions: Should be worn on erect penis before intercourse. Air must be expelled Held carefully when withdrawing from vagina. A new condom should be used for each sexual act. Failure rate- 15/HWY

5. Failure rate- 21/HWY

6. ADVANTAGE: CHEAPER WITH NO CONTRAINDICATION NO SIDE EFFECT PROTECTION AGAINST STDs ex gonorrhea,hiv,hpv PROTECTION AGAINST PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE REDUCE THE INCIDENCE OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY DISADVANTAGE: MAY ACCIDENTLLY BREAK OR SLIP OFF DURING COITUS ALLERGIC REACTION CAN OCCUR INTERFERENCE IN SEXUAL PLEASURE FAILURE RATE HIGH

7. DIAPHRAGM. IT IS AN INTRA VAGINAL DEVICE MADE OF LATEX WITH FLEXIBLE METAL OR SPRING RING AT THE MARGIN INSTRUCTION : The device is introduce into vagina over the cervix up to 3 hrs before intercourse and is to be kept for at least 6 hrs after the last coital act. It should be used with spermicide . It should completely cover the cervix and get fitted by a doctor.

8. ADVANTAGE: Cheap Can be used repeatedly for long time Reduce PID/STIs to some extent Protects against cervical pre-cancer and cancer DISADVANTAGE: Requires help of a doctor Risk of vaginal irritation Not suitable for women with vaginal prolapse. Failure rate – 16/HWY

9. Failure rate – 20/HWY

10. Advantage: can be inserted many hours before SEX Comfortable does not alter menstrual cycle does not affect future fertility disadvantage: does not protect against hiv /aids requires a fitting in clinic can be difficult to insert or relieve

11. Spermicides are chemical vaginal contraceptive. They are available in the forms of gels ,creams( Delfen ) ,foam tablets(sponge) and suppositories . Mechanism of action: They contain surfactants like nonoxynol-9 , octoxynol which immobilize or kill the sperms . SPERMICIDES.