Basic computer architecture

computer Architecture

1. Basic Computer Architecture CPU Concept of Register Cache Memory Hard Disk

2. Central processing unit (CPU) is the central component of the Computer System. Sometimes it is called as  microprocessor  or processor. It is the brain that runs the show inside the Computer.  CPU is consist of transistors, that receives inputs and produces output. Transistors perform logical operations which is  called processing Central processing unit (CPU )

3. Types of Computer CPU :- Single Core CPUs Dual Core CPUs Quad Core CPUs

4. Single Core CPUs :- Single core CPUs are the oldest type of computer CPU available and initially this was the only type of CPU that could be used in computers Single core CPUs can only start one operation at a time, so they were not very good at multi-tasking.

5. Dual Core CPUs :- A dual core CPU is a single CPU that has two cores and thus functions like two CPUs in one. Unlike single core CPUS where the processor had to switch back and forth between different sets of data streams if more than one operation was running, dual core CPUs can handle multitasking much more efficiently. 

6. Quad Core CPUs :- Quad Core CPUs are a further refinement of the multi-core CPU design and features four cores on a single CPU. Just as dual core CPUs could split the workload between two cores, quad cores allows for even greater multitasking . These types of CPUs are useful for people that need to run a lot of different programs at the same time as well as gamers, as there are games like the Supreme Commander series that are optimized for multi-core CPUs.

7. R egister A register may hold an  instruction , a storage address, or any kind of data (such as a bit sequence or individual characters). Some instructions specify registers as part of the instruction Registers are a type of computer memory used to quickly accept, store, and transfer data and instructions that are being used immediately by the CPU. The registers used by the CPU are often termed as Processor registers.

8. Cache Memory Cache Memory  is a special very high-speed memory. It is used to speed up and synchronizing with high-speed CPU . Cache Memory  (Pronounced as "cash") is the volatile  computer  memory which is very nearest to the CPU so also called  CPU memory , all the Recent Instructions are Stored into the Cache Memory. 

9. There are three types of cache memory found in a CPU:- 1. L1 Cache 2. L2 Cache 3. L3 Cache

10. H ard disk In 1953, IBM engineers created the first hard disk, which was the size of two refrigerators . T typically it spins at 5,400 to 15,000 RPM  The arm writes new data to the platters and reads new data from them. When you save data or install programs on your computer, the information is typically written to your hard disk. The hard disk is a spindle of magnetic disks, called platters, that record and store information

11. Hard Drive Types Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (PATA) Serial ATA (SATA) Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Solid State Drives (SSD)

12.   Functions of a Hard Drive The Hard Drive as Storage :- As you use your computer, you create documents and other bits of information to be stored. The saves these items, alongside the software and files that allow you to easily use and interact with your computer, including the operating system. Measuring Hard Drive Storage :- - Hard drives come in a variety of storage sizes. As of publication, hard drives are typically measured in gigabytes and terabytes, which are units of measurement for a hard drive's storage capacity. For example, 500GB hard drives are common in many modern computer