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Hazards

1. BASIC CONCEPT OF HAZARD Chapter 3

2. Learning Outcomes 1. Define and elucidate hazards 2. Give and picture examples of the types of hazards 3. Explain the impact of various hazards on different exposed elements Introduction One important key to safety is understanding a particular incident or phenomenon that may affect people's life. An ordinary incident or natural phenomenon may turn into a hazard once it becomes active and poses harm or danger to life and property. This is the basic concept of hazard everyone should be aware of.

3. Definition of Hazards Hazards are "those elements of the physical environment, harmful to man and caused by forces extraneous to him." (Burton et al 1978).

4. General Classification of Hazards There are many different ways of classifying hazards. One is to consider the extent to which hazards are natural. Natural hazards such as earthquakes or floods arise from purely natural processes in the environment. 2. Quasi-natural hazards such as smog or desertification that arise through the interaction of natural processes and human activities. 3. Technological (or human-made) hazards such as the toxicity of pesticides to agricultural lands, accidental leaks of chemicals from chemical laboratories or radiation from a nuclear plant. These arise directly as a result of human activities.

5. NATURAL HAZARDS

6. QUASI-NATURAL HAZARDS

7. TECHNOLOGICAL (OR HUMAN-MADE) HAZARDS

8. TYPES OF HAZARDS There are many different ways of classifying hazards. One is to consider the extent to which hazards are natural. Natural hazards such as earthquakes or floods arise from purely natural processes in the environment. 2. Quasi-natural hazards such as smog or desertification that arise through the interaction of natural processes and human activities. 3. Technological (or human-made) hazards such as the toxicity of pesticides to agricultural lands, accidental leaks of chemicals from chemical laboratories or radiation from a nuclear plant. These arise directly as a result of human activities.