Basic design and organisation of diagnostic laboratory

BASIC DESIGN AND ORGANIZATION OF DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY

1. Name : R.Harish kumar Roll no :18UT31 Class : lll B.Sc biotech Topic : Basic design and organisation of diagnostic laboratory Subject : pharmaceutical marketing

2. INTRODUCTION C linical laboratories are among the most important spaces hospitals and related health care facilities may operate, their functional designs are sometimes less noticed than those of higher profile areas. The organization or systematization of the laboratory is enshrined in several documents: The Organizational Chart, The Policy Manual(s) and t he Procedure Manuals These documents describe the integration of personnel, equipment, supplies and facilities for efficient and effective laboratory operation

3. Four major changes 1. Open-plan designs • Many hospital labs are now struggling with the physical layout of their spaces. • With the open plan or big room concept, a lab is built with no interior walls to allow the layout to be reconfigured as necessary. • Open-plan labs help to facilitate the implementation and continued operational goals of Lean design. • Open-plan lab design and movable casework are also useful for new instrument validation.  • Likewise, Northern Colorado Medical Center (NCMC) in Greeley, part of the Phoenix-based Banner Health system, opened a new 14,495-sq. ft. open-plan lab . • For instance, the lab at Huntsville (Ala.) Hospital, which opened last fall, covers 30,800 sq. ft. over two floors. 

4. 2. Automated te testing is facilitated by open-plan lab design. A utomated systems may involve 50 to 60 feet of linear track bolted to the floor. The automation line functions as the backbone of the lab.  In addition, the front end, or pre-analytic, section of the line should be placed as close as possible to where specimens come into the lab. M ost automated lab systems are scalable, they function well in labs with open-plan designs. A lab can start, for example, with two chemistry analyzers; in a few years, the lab could easily extend the line to include a third analyzer o r the lab could replace an analyzer with one that can perform a higher number of tests per hour. The open-plan design allows for modular growth. NCMC opened its new lab last year, the hospital went from stand-alone analyzers to a full-blown automated line. 

5. 3. Biosafety Level 3 Lab design is also being affected by a resurgence in BSL-3 containment.  Today, with increased concern about infectious disease outbreaks , even small community hospitals are becoming interested in providing this level of protection in the lab to ensure safe handling of specimens, even if only to send them out for further testing. McKee Medical Center, Loveland, Colo., also a member of Banner Health, recently installed a small BSL-3 lab. This includes nonporous materials, so pathogens cannot get into the plywood substrate of a countertop and multiply. Hardened epoxy-coated or protected walls are necessary  . The architecture and mechanical and plumbing systems have to be designed appropriately to ensure safety.

6. 4. Molecular testing Molecular testing is an essential component of personalized medicine, which is based on a patient’s individual genetic makeup. Molecular testing also can be used to identify cancer markers in tissue samples. Pharmacogenomics is another promising area for molecular testing. Specimens are amplified during the process so that certain genes or portions of DNA that normally occur in small numbers are multiplied up to tens of millions of times. For example, It’s not necessary to incubate a specimen for a lengthy period. Directly testing a blood sample for DNA markers from specific organisms can produce results in an afternoon, rather than overnight or over several days.

7. Ten steps to an efficient layout  1. Project development 2. Team development 3. Due diligence 4. Analysis and program development 5. Process and schematic design 6. Communication 7. Process experimentation and detailed design development 8. Bidding and cost estimation 9. Permitting and regulatory approval 10. Design modifications and construction

8. Long-term success Well-designed clinical labs provide ample space for maximum flexibility to enable labs to grow, change and adapt into the future. They also provide the infrastructure and layout needed to take advantage of the latest developments in technology and medicine. Sufficient power and data, robust heating and ventilation, careful design of engineering systems and the selection of appropriate materials and finishes are critical to the long-term success of clinical labs.  

9. Thank you