Behavioral Science Presentation NAC Students.pptx

a brief intro on behavioral science

1. WELCOME TO OUR PRESENTATION

2. B ehavioral S cience P resentation F emale g enital m utilation By Group 6 On

3. F emale G enital M utilation Female Genital Mutilation is partial or total removal pf the external genitalia of a girl or a young woman for non-medical reason. Statistics has shown that over 200million girls and women alive today have gone through female genital mutilation (FGM). 30 countries in Africa the middle East and Asia where Female Genital Mutilation is practiced. Some of the African countries where the Female Genital Mutilation where practiced are as follows: Guinea, Djibouti, Mali, Somalia and Ghana etc. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is mostly carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15. Female Genital Mutilation is a violation of the human rights of girls and women. The treatment of the health complications of Female Genital Mutilation is estimated to cost health systems US$ 1.4 billion per year, a number expected to rise unless urgent action is taken towards it’s abandonment.

4. The world health organization have classified FGM into four different types, namely: Types of female genital mutilation (FGM) Type I – Clitoridectomy It is the type that involve the partial or total removal of the clitoris (a small sensitive and erectile part of the female genitals)

5. Type II - Excision : It is a type that involve the partial or total removal of the clitoris and the inner labia, with or without excision of the outer labia (the labia are the lips that surround the vagina). Type III – Infibulation : It is the type that involve the narrowing of the vaginal opening by creating a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the inner or outer labia, with or without removal of the clitoris Type IV – Unclassified : It is the type that involve all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, e.g. pricking, piecing, incising, scraping and cauterizing (burning) the genital area.

6. The underline types are been carried out using the following instrument. Razorblade A Pair of Scissors Special Knives Sharpened Stones Pieces of Broken Glasses

7. The following are people who perform the Traditional Birth Attendance Elderly Women in the Community Native Doctors In Some Cases Medical Professionals female genital mutilation

8. The Reasons For Female Genital Mutilation Prevention of stillbirth : It is also believed that babies die if they touch the clitoris during child birth in women pregnancy for the first time. It therefore removed so that the first babies will not die . Preservation of virginity : FGM provides maintenance and prove of virginity. It serve as guarantee against premarital sex which is a condition for marriage in many FGM societies . Maintenance of good health . FGM help young females to become strong and being safe from psychological diseases and depression .

9. The Reasons For Female Genital Mutilation I t prevents promiscuity: Some also believe that when they do that it will help to reduce or remove sexual pleasure . Some do because of beautification: Some FGM societies believe that it enhances beauty. This stems from their belief that, the foreskin of the male penis is removed for aesthetics reasons and that the clitoris should be removed for same reasons since it is the counterpart to penis.

10. The FGM has no health reason and it harms girls and women in many ways, which we have short and long term complications. And some of the short terms complications are as follows; 1. Pain and bleeding during and after the procedure. Swelling and oedema occurs which can lead to acute urine retention and dysuria. Painful or difficult defecation. Shock Injury to surround genital tissue

11. Some of the long term complications are as follows; Unprotected nerve ending may give rise to severe pain Painful sexual intercourse Girls or women may be expose to HIV infection due to the use of unsterilized, and non-surgical instrument for the procedure. It also reduce the sexual pleasure of girls. It can lead to complication during birth

12. Why The Need To Abolish FGM. The following are the reason why FGM must be abolished. 1. It causes physical damage; FGM or cutting is almost never performed by people with any medical training. As a result, t he procedure causes numerous physical problems aside from the damage to the external genitalia. 2. It can also lead to psychological trauma, as it is to be expected, Female Genital Mutilation gives rise to open severe psychological trauma. Women who have been subjected to it suffer from post-traumatic stress, anxiety disorders and depression .

13. Why The Need To Abolish FGM. 3. Also, Female Genital Mutilation reinforce gender inequality. In cultures that practice Female Genital Mutilation, women have minimal rights and are often viewed as the properties of their family and then later their husbands. It is linked to girls dropping out of schools early, child marriage and child pregnancy . 4. Female Genital Mutilation have no benefits despite the insistence of people within the culture that carry out the above procedures, it has absolutely no health benefits. It often believe that girls who undergo genital mutilation is clean and more fetal, but this is known to be false instead it increases vaginal and urine infections as well as risk of infertility.

14. 1. Reporting those who are found of doing it. The nurses have the right to report those who are found of performing this acts and when they are hold responsible many practitioners will desist from it and it can help to put an end to it . 2. Educating the community on the effects of FGM; Because many people don't know about the effects that is why this genital harassment still continues. So therefore it is the duty of nurses to educate the elders of such communities to put an end to it. The Role Of Nurse In Preventing Female Genital Mutilation

15. 3. Educating the young girls on their rights. They have the rights and ability to prevent and protect their genitalia from being cut but because of fears of the elderly people and lack of knowledge in knowing the effects which will lead them into the practice and complication. The Role Of Nurses In Preventing Female Genital Mutilation

16. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION