Biogeographical zone in india

introduction
soil of india
flora of india
vegetation of india

1. Bio-geographical zones in India Presented By: Patel Prapti .R. Msc :- sem-II CBO:-405 Department of life sciences , H.N.G.U. , patan

2. Contents:- Introduction Soil of India Climate of India Flora of India Vegetation of India

3. Bio-geographical zones:- Biography is the study of the distribution of species (biology) , organisms space and through geological time is called bio-geographical zones .

4. There are ten bio geographic zones in India Trans Himalayan zone Himalayan zone Desert zone semiarid zone Western ghat zone Deccan plateau zone Genetic plain zone North east zone Coastal zone Islands zone

5. Soil of India:- Soil is the material found on the surface of the earth that is composed of organic and inorganic material. Soil varies due to its structure and composition. In india there are various types of soil. They are, Black soil Red soil Desert soil Mountain soil Laterite soil

6. Type of soil:- Black soil:- poor in phosphorous, Nitrogen and Organic matter. Red soil:- They cover large areas in south, and in the north peninsula. Desert soil:- It is formed in the regions of less rainfall and high temperature. Mountain soil:- Formed by deposition of organic matter from forest. Laterite soil :- Laterite soil is formed due to intense leaching caused by tropical rainfall.

7. Factors affecting soil formation:- Climate Vegetation Age of rock Relief Parent rock

8. Climate of India:- “India is home to an extraordinary variety of climatic regions , ranging from tropical in the south to temperate and alpine in the Himalayan north, Were elevated regions receive sustained winter snowfall. The nation’s climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayan and the desert.”

9. India -climate Climate is the average weather or the regular pattern of weather conditions of a particular place. The climate of the country plays an important role in shaping its life of the people. It determines ,for example the crops they grow ,they clothes they wear and even many of their festivals. As India is one of the agriculture based country climate plays a major role in its economy, people culture etc,.

10. Factors determining climate:- Latitude Altitude Position with respect to mountains Distance from the sea and by winds.

11. Flora of India:- “ Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous native plant life. The corresponding term for animal life is fauna. Flora, fauna and other forms of life such as fungi are collectively referred to as biota.”

12. Vegetation of India:- All the plant life in a particular region or period is called as vegetation. The most important factors used in the classification of vegetation are rainfall, temperature, biotic, influences, and life forms.

13. Types of vegetation:- Forest of vegetation :- - Tropical forest - Mantane sub tropical forest - Temperate forest -Alpine vegetation Grassland of vegetation:- - Xerophilous - Mesophilous - Hygrophilous

14. Types of vegetation :- Tropical forests : They are multistoreyed,made up of small trees,shrubs,epiphytes,lianas and dense group vegetation. Montane subtropical forest :These are coolar than the tropical and warmer than the temperate forests. Temperate forests :Their branches are clothed with mosses,mamy woody climbers,ferns and other epiphytes. Alpine vegetation :They are alpine scrubs,moist alpine scrubd dry alpine scrubs.

15. Continue… Xerophilous :occur in dry region of north-west India under semi-desert conditions. Mesophilous : called as savannahs,are extensive grass flats, apical of moist deciduous forests of U.P., Hygrophilous: called as wet savannahs.All these are being controlled under biotic influences.

16. REFERENCE Sharma P. D - Ecology and Environment

17. THANK YOU