Bioinstrumentation FTIR SPECTROMETER .pptx

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

1. P RESENTED BY, NAME: M.PARAMESHWARI ROLL NO: 25MIM028 FTIR SPECTROPHOTOMETER COURSE NAME : BIOINSTRUMENTATION COURSE CODE : 24MIM4407 COURSE TEACHER : DR.A.JOSEPH THATHEYUS DR.M.ANDREW PRADEEP

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.INTRODUCTION 2.WHAT IS FTIR ? 3.COMPONENTS OF FTIR 4.PRINCIPLE OF FTIR 5.HOW FTIR WORKS ? 6.READINGS THE FTIR SPECTRUM 7. APPLICATIONS 8. ADVANTAGES 9. LIMITATIONS 10. CONCLUSION 11.REFERENCES

3. WHAT IS FTIR? FTIR Stands for “FOURIER TRASFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY” . It is a technique used to obtain the infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid, or gas sample FTIR captures all wavelengths simultaneously and uses mathematical transformations to interpret the data. It is taking a snapshot of how a molecule responds to infrared radiation .

4. COMPONENTS OF AN FTIR SPECTROMETER Birds SAMPLE HOLDER INTERFEROMETER INFRARED LIGHT SOURSE An FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectrometer consists of several key components:  an infrared light source, an interferometer, a sample holder, a detector, and a computer.

5. COMPONENTS OF AN FTIR SPECTROMETER Birds COMPUTER AMPLIFIER DETECTOR An FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectrometer consists of several key components:  an infrared light source, an interferometer, a sample holder, a detector, and a computer.

6. COMPONENTS OF FTIR INFRARED LIGHT SOURCE : The IR Source like a globar emits a board range of infrared light. INTERFEROMETER : The Interferometer, usally a Michelson interferometer, modulates the light by splitting and recombining beams to create an interfernce pattern. SAMPLE HOLDER : Holds the sample in solid, liquid,or gas form. DETECTOR : Converts the IR beam into a electrical signal. COMPUTER: Finally, a computer performs Fourier Transform to convert this raw data-the interferogram into a usable IR spectrum.

7. PRINCIPLE OF FTIR Molecules are constantly vibrating-stretching, bending, twisting. Each bond in a molecule has a unique vibration frequency When infrared radiation passes through a sample, specific frequencies of light are absorbed by the molecules, causing them to vibrate at higher energy level. This absorption creates a unique IR Spectrum Like a fingerprint that can be used to identify functional groups and molecular structures. The Core principle of FTIR is based on how molecules absorb infrared light.

8. HOW FTIR WORKS ? STEP 1 : IR RADIATION EMISSION The IR source emits a broad range of infrared light that contains all the wavelengths needed for molecular analysis. STEP 2: INTERFEROMETER MODULATION The light enters the Michelson Interferometer, where it is spilt into two beams. STEP 3 : INTERACTION WITH SAMPLE The modulated IR beam the pass through the sample molecules.

9. HOW FTIR WORKS ? STEP 4 : DETECTION The remaining light containing absorbed and transmitted frequencies reach the detector. STEP 5 : SIGNAL COLLECTION The detector records a complex signal called an interferogram,which contains encoded information about all IR frequency STEP 6 : FOURIER TRANSFORM The computer performs a mathematical transformation to convert the time domain into frequency domain IR spectrum.

10. The Interferogram consist of two modulated waves : 1) Consructive Interference. 2) Destructive Interference. λ λλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλ =++++ λλλ Interferogram

11. Constructive Interference  = n Constructive Interference will take place for any value of  when the two beams are in phase n=0,1,2,3,….. 11

12. Destructive Interference Fixed Mirror Moving Mirror  = ( n + 1/2 )  Totally destructive interference takes place when optical path difference is 1/2  or some multiple of it-beams are completely out of phase 12

13. APPLICATIONS PHARMACEUTICAL : Identifying raw materials and final products. POLYMER : Characterizing plastic composition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE : Detecting air pollution. FOOD INDUSTRY : Monitoring spoilage and contaminations.

14. ADVANTAGES & LIMITATIONS ADVANTAGE Rapid data collection. High sensitivity and accuracy. Requires very small sample size . Can analyze solids, liquids, and gases. LIMITATION ✘Cannot detect symmetrical non-polar bonds. ✘ Overlapping peaks can cause interpretation issues. ✘ Water and CO₂ in air may interfere with readings.

15. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectrophotometer is a powerful analytical technique that provides rapid, accurate, and non-destructive identification of chemical compounds. FTIR plays a crucial role in both qualitative and quantitative analysis, making it an indispensable tool in modern scientific research and industrial applications. CONCLUSION

16. Natural greening REFERENCE 1.Fundamentals of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Author : B. C. Smith (2011) 2 nd edition. 2. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry“ A uthor: Peter R. Griffiths and James A. de Haseth 2022.

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