Biology- Reproduction (Hormones)notes-1.pdf

Notes for roles of harmones in reproductive system

1. Gland Hormone Releasing Factor Target
Tissue
Function Over-secretion
(Hyper secretion)
Under-secretion
(Hypo secretion)
Anterior Pituitary Gland

(
Adenohypophysis
/
Hypophysis cerebri
)

(Master Gland)

Follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH)
Common releasing factor
from hypothalamus for FSH
& LH/ ICSH
[Estrogen ↑ → FSH ↓]
Gonads In Female: Stimulates follicle development and
estrogen secretion
In Males: Stimulate germinal epithelium of
testes & sperm production
Abnormalities in
reproductive
system
Abnormalities in
reproductive
system
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
or Interstitial cell
stimulating hormone
(ICSH) in males
Common releasing factor
from hypothalamus for FSH
& LH/ ICSH
[Estrogen ↑ & FSH ↓ have
+ve effect for LH]
Gonads In Female:
 LH with FSH stimulates estrogen secretion from
follicles
 Rupture of mature follicle i.e ovulation
 Lutenisation of ruptured follicle
 LH synergistically with prolactin to maintain
corpus luteum
 Secretion of progesterone from corpus luteum
In Male:
 ICSH stimulate testosterone secretion from
interstitial cells of testis
Abnormalities in
reproductive
system
Abnormalities in
reproductive
system

Gland Hormone Releasing Factor Target Tissue Function Over-secretion
(Hyper secretion)
Under-secretion
(Hypo secretion)

Testes

Androgens
(Testosterone &
17 β –
hydroxytestosterone)
 After puberty: Pituitary
??????�������
→
ICSH (LH)
��� ��
→ Interstitial cells
(Leydig cells) b/w seminiferous
tubules in testes
??????�������
→
gonadal hormone i.e
Testosterone &
 17 β – Hydroxytestoaterone
 After initiation of development
sex organs in foetus produce
these hormones and their level
rises fairly constantly until
puberty.
Male
reproductive
system
 In Foetus: Initiation of development of sex
organs
 At Puberty: Develop male secondary sexual
characteristics
 Promotes sex drive
 Successful production of sperms.
 Castrated male fail to develop secondary
sexual characters and his body tend more
towards the form of immature female.

Malformation &
Malfunctioning of
reproductive
system
Malformation &
Malfunctioning
of reproductive
system

2. Gland Hormone Releasing Factor Target Tissue Function Over-secretion
(Hyper secretion)
Under-secretion
(Hypo secretion)

Ovary

Oestrogens
(Oestrone, Oestriol,
Oestradiole)
Pituitary gland → FSH → Ovary
→ Ripening of follicle →
Oestrogen
[In many species, Interstitial cells
of ovary → Oestrogen]

Female
reproductive
system, Bones
 Development of secondary sexual characters
in female
 Thickening of uterine wall
 Inhibit secretion of FSH from pituitary
 During oestrous or menstrual cycle
+ ??????� ���� ���?????? ��
→ Pituitary
??????�������
→ LH
 Aid in healing of uterine wall after
menstruation
 Acts on uterine wall (Endometrium) &
vascularize it
 Some uterine cells become glandular
??????������
→
Proteinous secretions take by embryo for
early development
 Used in estrogen replacement therapy (ERT)
to prevent osteoporotic bone fracture
Malformation &
Malfunctioning of
reproductive
system
 In young:
Failure to
mature sexually
 In adults:
Sterility
 Progesterone
(From the corpus
luteum of ovary)
 Also released from
Placenta
Pituitary gland
??????�������
→ LH
??????��� ��
→
Ruptured follicle
??????�������
→
Progesterone

Mammary
glands &
Uterus
 Inhibits secretion of FSH from pituitary &
prevention more follicle from ripening
 Uterus – Further thickening and
vascularization of its wall (Endometrium)
make it receptive for implantation
 Acts on other areas of body, preparing it for
maintaining the state of pregnancy
 Suppresses ovulation. That is why it is a major
source of birth control pills.
 Involved in formation of Placenta
Malformation &
Malfunctioning of
reproductive
system
Malformation &
Malfunctioning
of reproductive
system