Biomedical scaffolds and application.pptx

The ppt about the biochemical scaffolds and it's application

1. Designing Biomimetic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: A Stem Cell-Based Approach JANAKI RAJKUMAR S S2 MSc BIOCHEMISTRY DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

2. WHAT IS TISSUE ENGINEERING?? Tissue engineering  evolved from the field of  biomaterial s development It refers to the practice of combining  scaffold s , cells, and biologically active molecules into functional tissues. The goal of  tissue engineering  is to assemble functional constructs that restore, maintain, or improve damaged tissues or whole organs. Examples: Artificial skin and cartilage

3. How tissue engineering is performed? Cell isolation
Cell expansion
Scaffold design
Cell seeding Tissue culture
Tissue maturation
Implantation

4. Is a medical treatment that uses stem cells to repair or replace damaged or diseased cells, tissues, or organs. Stem cell therapy (Regenerative medicine)

5. BIOMATERIAL SCAFFOLDS?? These are synthetic or natural structures that mimic the properties and organization of natural tissues, It provides a framework for cell growth, differentiation, and tissue regeneration. These scaffolds aim to replicate the complex architecture and functionality of native tissues, It creates an environment that supports cellular behavior and promotes tissue formation .

6. Biomaterials.

7. Synthetic polymers Numerous synthetic polymers have been used in the attempt to produce scaffolds including; polystyrene poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) polyglycolic acid (PGA)
poly-dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA).

8. SCAFFOLD REQUIREMENTS Variety of biomaterials and manufactured using plethora of fabrication techniques have been used in the field in attempts to regenerate different tissues and organs in the body

9. APPLICATIONS

10. BIOMATERIAL SCAFFOLD IN CARTILAGE REGENERATION. IN TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS

11. What is Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by 1. Cartilage breakdown: Wear and tear on the cartilage that cushions joints, leading to bone-on-bone contact.
2. Joint pain: Aching, stiffness, and swelling in affected joints.
3. Limited mobility: Reduced range of motion and flexibility.
4. Bone spurs: Abnormal bone growths that can cause additional pain. Commonly affected joints include: 1. Knees
2. Hips
3. Hands (especially fingers)
4. Spine (neck and lower back)

12. On the basis of recent research, the field of cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis has witnessed a significant progress with the utilization of biomaterial based scaffolds The scaffolds provides a three dimensional environment that supports the cell differentiation ( Li, M. H., Xiao, R., Li, J. B., & Zhu, Q. (2017) Research related to biomaterials

13. The bioactive molecules like growth factors and cytokines into the scaffolds, researchers unlocked the potential to enhance the regenerative process within the body These bioactive molecules signal the cells to undergo chondrogenesis the process of cartilage formation and drive tissue regeneration forward

14. Collagen and hyaluronic acid(HA) plays a role in development of biomaterial based scaffolds, due to natural composition The synthetic materials like PCL and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)have the major role in cartilage regeneration The multifunctional scaffolds plays a role in cartilage regeneration the 3D printing techniques has been utilized in the fabrication of scaffold based biomaterials which include fused deposition modelling(FDM),stereolithography(SLA)

15. Electrospinning is a valuable technique employed in the fabrication of nanofibrous scaffodds for cartilage regeneration.

16. Here are some examples of how biochemical scaffolds can be used to treat OA 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds In one of the research they seeded a 3D-printed PCL scaffold with MSCs to treat OA. The scaffold improved the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and promoted cartilage tissue formation.

17. Bioceramic scaffolds In another study, researchers developed a 3D-printed akermanite (AKT) scaffold that was integrated with hair-derived nanoparticles and microparticles to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promote osteochondral regeneration. The scaffold also stimulated osteogenic differentiation and promoted chondrocyte maturation, which can help protect chondrocytes from OA

18. Gelatin -based 3D microgels These microgels can be used to stimulate cell proliferation and promote the differentiation of encapsulated cells, such as stem cells

19. BIOCHEMICAL SCAFFOLDS IN Wound healing of diabetes patients

20. Wound healing in diabetes patients Diabetes can make it more difficult for wounds to heal, Lead to serious complications: Poor circulation Uncontrolled diabetes can slow blood circulation, making it harder for the body to deliver nutrients to wounds. Nerve damage Uncontrolled blood glucose can damage nerves, which can make it hard to feel injuries, like those to the feet. Inflammation Diabetic wounds are characterized by excessive inflammation, which can make it hard for wounds to heal.

21. Biomaterial scaffolds can be used to treat diabetic wounds by delivering mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and other substances to the wound site

22. Scaffolds that can be used for diabetic wound healing include Hydrogels These three-dimensional networks can be made from natural, synthetic, or a combination of polymers. They are flexible and can maintain cell viability at the implantation site.

23. Fibrin-based scaffolds These scaffolds are derived from fibrinogen and mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). They are biodegradable and bioactive, and can support angiogenesis

24. Electrospun scaffolds These scaffolds can be used to load and deliver drugs, and are considered ideal materials for treating chronic diabetic wounds.

25. Conclusion

26. Biochemical scaffolds have emerged as a promising tool in the quest for effective cartilage regeneration and diabetes wound healing. By mimicking the natural extracellular matrix, these scaffolds provide a supportive environment for cell growth, differentiation, and tissue formation. The applications of biochemical scaffolds in cartilage regeneration and diabetes wound healing have shown significant promise, with improved tissue formation, enhanced cellular activity, and accelerated healing times. These findings hold great potential for the development of innovative treatments for these debilitating conditions, improving the quality of life for millions of patients worldwide.

27. FUTURE ASPECTS Future research should focus on optimizing scaffold design, material properties, and bioactive molecule incorporation to further enhance their efficacy. Additionally, exploring the synergistic effects of combining biochemical scaffolds with other therapeutic approaches, such as stem cell therapy and gene therapy, may unlock even greater potential for tissue regeneration and repair.

28. THANK YOU !!