Biomedical waste management and universal precautions

definition of BMW, New amendment rules by GOI, 2016, waste discard boxes, Methods of diposal , autoclave , plasma pyrolysis

1. BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

2. DEFINITION  Any waste which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals in hospitals, clinics, or in research activities pertaining to production or testing of biologicals

3. SOURCES Govt. hospitals/private hospitals/nursing homes/ dispensaries Primary health centers Medical colleges and research centers/ paramedic services Veterinary colleges and animal research centers Blood banks/mortuaries/autopsy centers Biotechnology institutions Production units

4. POTENTIAL HAZARDS Contains Infectious materials, Sharps, Unhygienic coz undergo fermentation

5. GOI - Bio-medical waste management rules, 2016 notified on 28.03.2016 Every health care facility (HCF) to establish a bar code system for bags or containers containing bio-medical waste (BMW) Every operator of common bio-medical waste treatment facility (CBWTF) to establish bar code system for handling of BMW

6. TYPES OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE WASTE EXAMPLES HARMLESS Paper, Cardboard, Cartons, Flowers, Domestic waste INFECTIOUS WASTE Humans/ Animal tissues, Organs Placenta Dressings – Blood /Fluids Microbiological lab samples Patho / Biochem samples NON INFECTIOUS WASTE Chemical Drugs , Research lab chemicals Radioactive Bhabha Atomic Plant Pharmacological Expired drugs

7. OBJECTIVE OF BMW Mx P revent harm resulting from waste Minimize its volume Retrieve reusable materials Ensure safe economical disposal

8. STEPS IN WASTE MANAGEMENT REDUCTION SEGREGATION STORAGE TRANSPORTATION TREATMENT

9. Returned to manufacturer Incineration / Plasma Pretreat with chemicals then incineration

10. METHODS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT CHEMICAL DISINFECTION DEEP BURIAL INCINERATION AUTOCLAVING MICROWAVING INERTISATION HYDROCLAVING PLASMA PYROLYSIS

11. CHEMICAL DISINFECTION

12. DEEP BURIAL

13. INCINERATION

14. AUTOCLAVING

15. INERTISATION

16. HYDROCLAVE

17. HYDROCLAVE

18. PLASMA PYROLYSIS Disintegration of organic compounds into gases and solid residues in an oxygen-starved environment  Utilizes large fraction of electrons with high energy radiation to decompose

19. UNIVERSAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

20. d

21. WHAT ARE STANDARD WORK PRECAUTIONS Hand Washing Gloves Mask , Caps , Eye Goggles Footwear Gown Needle Handling And NSI PEP Blood Spills Management Instrument’s Decontamination Vaccines

22. HAND WASHING

23. Staphylococcus epidermidis S. h ominis Propionibacteria Corynebacteria Malassezia spp S. aureus (MRSA) Gram-negative bacilli Y east

24. PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

25. NEEDLE AND INJURIES

26. NEEDLE

27. KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER Never reuse a needle or other sharp Limit the use of sharps Do not recap a used needle Keep the sharps container as close to the point of care as possible Change sharps container when ¾ full

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29. INSTRUMENTS DECONTAMINATION

30. THANK YOU