Biopesticide

1. Bio-pesticide Presented By Bijaya K. Uprety Department of Biotechnology Student Id: 0575751

2. Introduction “A form of pesticide based on micro-organisms or natural products”. Includes microorganisms naturally occurring substances pesticidal substances produced by genetically modified plants. 1

3. Types of Bio-pesticides Sl. No Types Active Ingredients/ Substances it includes Example 1. Microbial pesticides Bacterium, fungus, virus or protozoan. Strains of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). 2. Biochemical pesticides/ herbal pesticides Naturally occurring substances Scented plant extracts. 3. Plant-Incorporated-Protectants (PIPs) Genetic material/ toxin Plant producing Bt toxin. 2

4. Dipel DF ( Bacillus Thuringiensis var kurstaki ) Brand Name : Dipel DF 2. Active Ingredients: Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki 3. Application: Spray as a suspension. 4. Target pests: Loopers , Leaf eating caterpillars, Fruit borers & other Lepidopterous pests. 5. Crops: Vegetables, Forage crops, Aromatic crops, Ornamental. 3

5. Mode of Action 1. http :// muou.sc.mahidol.ac.th/images/mechanism_bt.jpg 4 Fig. Showing the mode of action of crystals produced by bacillus thuringiensis

6. Large scale production of microbial pesticides Isolation & Screening of Mo’s Fermentation Formulation as powder, suspension 5 Fig. General flow chart showing the large scale production of microbial pesticides

7. Few microbial pesticides available in market 6

8. Biochemical/Herbal pesticides Kills pest by non toxic mechanism. Includes,  Insect attractant/ repellant  Insect sex pheromones  P lant extracts 7

9. Mode of action of pheromones 8

10. 1. http ://permaculturenews.org/2012/08/14/bt-toxicity-confirmed-flawed-studies-exposed / Plant Incorporated protectants (PIP) 9 Fig. Showing the mode of action of cry protein crystal produced by genetically modified plant

11. 1. http://extension.missouri.edu/publications/DisplayPrinterFriendlyPub.aspx?P=NCR553 How PIP producing plants are prepared???? 10

12. Advantages No harmful residues. Specific to target pest and closely related organisms. O ften effective in very small quantities and often decompose quickly . High yield & reduction of use of conventional pesticides. Improve food quality. 11

13. Disadvantages Slow effect Often Variable efficacy High Selectivity Storage Difficulty for large scale productions 12

14. Present & Future Market Expected Global market value by 2019  $ 4,369.88 Million http://www.bccresearch.com/pressroom/chm/global-market-biopesticides-expected-increase-$ 3.3-billion-2014 $1.6 billion in 2009 , $ 3.3 billion in 2014 Annual Growth Rate -15.6 % 13

15. Conclusion Bacteria, Fungus and Virus  Mainly studied as potential bio-pesticides Growing market Host specific & Biodegradable Solution to problem of food security 14