Biotechnology and its types

This ppt cover general concept of biotechnology and its types. so keep learning and stay enjoy.

1. GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Submitted by : Ghazanfar Abbas Roll No. 2018-amj-028 Submitted to: Dr Usman Waheed

2. Biotechnology Biotechnology is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products. Example Brewing and baking bread are examples of processes that fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of yeast (= living organism) to produce the desired product). 

3. Explanation The wide concept of "biotech" or "biotechnology" encompasses a wide range of procedures for modifying living organisms according to human purposes, going back to  domestication  of animals, cultivation of the plants, and "improvements" to these through breeding programs that employ  artificial selection  and  hybridization . Modern usage also includes  genetic engineering  as well as  cell  and  tissue culture  technologies. 

4. History of Biotechnology

5. History of Biotechnology The term "biotechnology" was coined in 1919 by Karl Ereky , an Hungarian engineer Traditional biotechnology has been used for thousands of years to produce improved food and health care products. Today, modern biotechnology enables us to develop improved products more safely and more rapidly than ever before.

6. Periods of Biotechnology History: Pre- 1800: Early applications and speculation 1800-1900: Significant advances in basic understanding 1900-1953: Genetics 1953- 1976: DNA research, science explodes 1977- present: modern biotechnology

7. Types of Biotechnology Microbial Biotechnology  Agricultural Biotechnology  Animal Biotechnology Forensic Biotechnology Bioremediation  Aquatic Biotechnology Medical Biotechnology

8. Microbial Biotechnology  – manipulation of microorganisms such as yeast and bacteria Create better enzymes. More efficient decontamination processes for industrial waste product removal. used to clone and produce large amounts of important proteins used in human medicin .

9. Agricultural Biotechnology   plants more environmentally friendly that yield more per acre "genetically engineered#  Resistance to diseases and insects Foods with higher protein or vitamin content Drugs developed and grown as plant products These better plants ultimately reduce production costs to help feed the growing world population

10. Animal Biotechnology    Animals as a source of medically valuable proteins  Antibodies transgenic animals    Animals as important models in basic research gene ' nockout ' eperiments design and testing of drugs and genetic therapies  Animal cloning source of transplant organs

11. Forensic Biotechnology Forensic science is a vital instrument for the detection or investigation of crime and the administration of justice by providing crucial information about the evidence found at the crime scene. Forensic biotechnology is an area of medical science that experiences constant breakthrough every now and then. Forensic analysis of biological evidence using biotechnology methods is increasingly important in criminal investigations. Analy­sis of proteins in blood (serology), other body fluids and body tissues are some of the tradi­tional methods in forensic analysis.

12. Bioremediation Bioremediation  is a branch of  biotechnology  employing the use of living organisms like microbes and bacteria to remove contaminants, pollutants, and toxins from soil and water.  Bioremediation  may be used to clean up  environmental  problems such as oil spills, or contaminated groundwater

13. Aquatic biotechnology Aquatic biotechnology is defined as the use of aquatic organisms such as finfish, shellfish, marine bacteria, and aquatic plants for biotechnology application. This discipline contributes to current or potential uses of marine products in various areas, including the following: • Aquaculture • Therapeutics and medicines • Conservation of marine ecosystems • Aquatic animal health and     seafood safety • Biomedical research

14. Medical Biotechnology The field of  Medical Biotechnology  includes research and development of technology used in the medical, agricultural and pharmaceutical industries.  Medical biotechnology  is the use of living cells and cell materials to research and produce pharmaceutical and diagnostic products that help treat and prevent human diseases. Most medical biotechnologists work in academic or industrial settings. Medical biotechnology is the use of living cells and cell materials to research and produce pharmaceutical and diagnostic products that help treat and prevent human diseases. Most medical biotechnologists work in academic or industrial settings. In academic laboratories, these professionals conduct experiments as part of medical research studies; industrial biotechnologists work toward developing drugs or vaccines. The medical biotechnology field has helped bring to market microbial pesticides, insect-resistant crops, and environmental clean-up techniques.