Blood Transfusion Policy by Ajinkya.pptx

Blood transfusion policy in simple Language and short notes .Easy for Nurses (microbiology)

1. Blood and blood transfusion policy Mr. Ajinkya balaji satpute Roll no. 34 3 rd sem bsc nursing

2. Introduction Blood is a fluid Connective tissue PH of blood i S 7.35-7 . 45. Blood Composed by and 45% blood cells. 55% plasma Plasma: Albumin, Globulins, Fibrinogm Prothrombin Blood cells: RBC, WBC. Platelets The key considerations for the safe use of blood and the blood products and the effective ways of blood transfusion

3. Blood transfusion “ A Blood transfusion is the infusion of whole blood or blood components such as plasma, RBCs, or platelets Into the venous system. ”

4. General Guidelines The blood banks must possess a license authorized by the State Drug Controller as well as approved by the Drug Controller General (India) regulated by the d rugs and Cosmetics Act . A trained transfusion medical Specialist physician should direct the activities within a blood Bank.

5. Doner selection the blood must be accepted from the voluntary, non remunerated, low risk, safe and healthy blood donors only not from the high-risk donors and the blood sellers The standard criteria must be followed for selecting the blood donors by the authorized medical officer.

6. Blood collection The procedure used for blood collection must be strictly standardized applying all the sterile conditions during the process
The blood bags should be disposable, sterile and free from pyrogens and should be with a closed collection system as per the ISO/ISI standards The volume of the anticoagulants used must be as per the set standards and should be proportionate to the blood volume. The collected blood must be stored immediately at a temperature of 4°C to 6°C
For component separation, the blood must be stored at 22°C2 till the separation of platelets

7. Donar blood Testing The ABO blood group as well as the Rh (D) type should be detected and labeled on the donor blood collected container
The presence of any antibodies in the donor blood must also be detected and duly notified.
Detection of any infectious agents must be done which includes all the mandatory tests for the presence of the infectious agents in the blood for the diseases likesyphilis , hepatitis A, B & C, HIV and malaria.

8. Blood components Aseptic techniques and sterile disposable bags ( pyrogen free) must be used for the processing of the blood components After thawing of the frozen blood components, thes must be transfused within 6 hours

9. Storage &transportation of blood The blood and the blood components must be stored in plastic bags for blood in the separate refrigerators Availability of an alternate power supply must be then with a provision of alarm system for maintaining consistent temperature for storage.
Appropriate monitoring of temperature (10°C) the time of transportation of the blood or the blood components should be done.
The frozen state of the blood must be maintained during transportation and should be thawed at 37 before transfusion.
The expiry dates of door blood samples with different anticoagulants after phlebotomy are mentioned as below:
With CPD (Citrate Phosphate Dextrose solution) the expiry date of whole blood should be s 21 days With CPDA-1 (Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose with Adenine) the expiry date of whole blood should be ≤35 days.
With heparin the expiry date of whole blood should be< 24 hours.

10. Compatibility Before transfusion of blood, the donor blood and the recipient blood must be tested individually for the ABO blood group as well as for the Rh (D) type again.
The recipient blood is tested for the presence of any antibodies if present Cross match must be done between the donor and recipient blood plasma for any incompatibilities specifically for any antibodies.
In case of a massive transfusion requirement. Component therapy should be preferred.
For the neonatal transfusion, mother’s blood can be tested for incompatibilities.

11. Recipients Legible donor blood samples and request form of recipient must be taken mentioning the requisite information like recipient’s name, age, blood group etc.
A stoppered plain vial/tube or an anticoagulant containing vial/tube should be used to take the patient’s blood sample with appropriate labeling mentioning patient’s name, ID number, hospital name ,ward number, date/time and phlebotomist’s signature

12. Role of nurse in blood transfusion Consent Identification Supervision Storage Temp. Maintenance until transfusion Sterile transfusion set Only 0.9 % ns allowed not any medicine Written protocol Avoid Errors

13. Thank You........😊