Bonda people ppt by shalini.pptx

Bonda people

1. IT’S STILL THE DARK AGES BY :- SHALINI KURRE AND KOMAL CHOURASIA

2. Ethnic tribes in india An Ethnic group is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities such as common ancestry, language, history, society, culture or nation.

3. Some of the ethnic tribes in odisha In Odisha more than 62 types of tribal people live. Their culture and traditions are different from each other.

4. Some of them are listed below: BONDA People SABAR People KHONDS SANTAL People JUANG People DANGARIA KANDHA SORA People GONDI People BHUMIJ MAHALI

5. BONDA TRIBES

6. Bonda tribe Definition : The  Bonda  (also known as the Bondo, Bondo Poraja, Bhonda, or Remo) are a Munda ethnic group approximately 12,000 (2011 census) who live in the isolated hill regions of the  Malkangiri  district of southwestern  Odisha ,  India , near the junction of the three states of  Odisha ,  Chhattisgarh , and  Andhra Pradesh .

7. Bonda culture The Bonda people are a tribal people who currently live in the hills of Odisha’s Malkangiri district in India. The Upper Bondas with a population of 6,700 who are the most isolated from mainstream Indian society, and the Lower Bonda with a population of 17,000. Upper Bondas have almost no connection to the outside world. Dambaru Sisha took the oath of office to become the first MLA{Member of legislative assembly} to the Bonda tribe, to which he traces his ancestry.

8.  Sisha attempts to protect the traditions and culture of the people while providing them with educational opportunities. Only 6% of Bondas are literate. According to Pati, a male bonded labour is called Gufam- Rem  whereas a female laborer is a Gufam-Boy. Bonda people are often led to bonded labour through marriage, also known as diosing. Divorce , also known as “Lung Sisi” is also an issue with in the Bonda people. In some extreme circumstances, such as if a Bonda woman is divorced for adultery, the former husband demands double the price that was paid for their marriage. When a death or more occurs, it is custom to sacrifice a cow on the tenth day, a practice also known as “Gaitang.”  Poverty, however, became a fundamental issue among the Bonda people due to social customs regarding obligatory marriages and deaths, along with myriad other socio-religious practices. These customs did not improve health condition nor economic status, which has created much poverty for them.

9. Remo , the Bonda language The Bonda are a  scheduled tribe  of India and are also known as the Remo (meaning "people" in the  Bonda language ). They are one of the 75 Primitive Tribal Groups identified by the  Government of India . Their isolation and known aggressiveness continue to preserve their culture despite the pressures of an expanding Indian population. Their language belongs to the  Munda branch  of the Austro asiatic language family . It is most closely related to the Gutob language.

10. Two of the most important phonetic features that characterize the Bonda language are the glottal stop, which is a glottal plosive produced by the release of the breath behind the vocal chords, and checked consonants. Those sounds are also featured in Munda languages as a whole. It is the checked consonants  k’  and  p’  that occur in Bonda, found mostly in the final position of native words. 

11. Attire The Bonda are generally semi-clothed, the women wear thick silver neck bands. The Bonda attire is explained in a legend relating to the  Ramayana . According to it, some Bonda women chanced upon  Sita  who was bathing at a pond in the Bonda hills and, seeing her naked, they sniggered. Enraged, Sita cursed them to a life where they would be condemned to remaining naked and having their heads shaven. When the Bonda women pleaded forgiveness, Sita gave them a piece of cloth she tore off her  sari . Bonda women have their heads shaved and adorned with two types of headbands, called  turuba  and  lobeda .

12. Gender roles They are the primary workers and providers of food for the community. This matriarchal dominance is also seen in the marital norms of the community. Bonda girls largely marry boys who are at least five to ten years younger than them. In contrast with many other populations in India, the number of women among the Bonda greatly exceeds the number of men.

13. MARRIAGE Marriages among Bondas are linked to the influential position that their women have. Bonda girls traditionally marry boys at least five years younger to them, sometimes even 10. This arrangement allows the girl to look after her husband while he grows up and then, in turn, he cares for his elder wife. Some believe this age gap is partially responsible for bringing their population down.

14. food Food has been a basic part of existence. B onda have their own traditional machanism of food production. According to the nature of food the Bonda food production can be divided as a) production of crop ,b)collection of edible food from forest ,c) collection of hunted food, d) and purchase of food.

15. festivals Bonda tribal people celebrate ‘ PATKHANDA YATRA’ at Mudulipada in the summer season, basically in between the months of April and May. Even they celebrate ‘ Chaitra Prabha ’ in the month of march. This festival is also known as ‘ PANGAL’. In this festival the Bonda men move into the forest for hunting purpose and won’t return back without hunting anything.

16. THREATS TO BONDA CULTURE The government of odisha has over the years tried to bring the bonda into the mainstream and set up the Bonda Development Agency(BDA) in 1977 with this aim. Outside influences resulted in the Bondas being given new gods. Thus, Jagannath had been punished into their life and their gods has been gradually erased from their lives.The curriculum in the govt.school also seeks to inject this process through prayers and songs.The Bonda have begun to take up non traditional occupations as migrant labourers and as peons and clerks in government offices.

17. PROGRAMMES IMPLEMENTED FOR TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT 1. SCA to TSP : The special central assistance(SCA) is primarilymeant for family oriented incoming generating schemes in sectors of agriculture, horticulture, sericulture, animal husbandry and cooperation and a part of SCA is permitted to be used for development of infrastructure incidental to such generating schemes.

18. 2. ARTICLE 275 : Article of the constitution of India guarantess grants from the consolidated fund of India each year for promoting the welfare of scheduled tribes. 3 . Integrated Tribal Development Agency( I.T.D.A): I.T.D.S as nodal Tribal development Agency were set up during the 5 th five year plan. As many as 118 blocks of Odisha state having 50% or more ST populationhave been covered by 21 ITDAs in the state viz.

19. 4. MICRO PROJECT : The particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups(PTG) are considered as a special category in view of their distinctly different social, cultural, occupational practices and traits. 5.Conservation-cum-Development(CCD) Plan : In the parameters of the guidelines from MOTA, govt.of odisha in ST and SC Development Department has formulated a CCD plan for 13 PTGs located in 17 Micro Projects of Odisha state. The CCD plan for the development of the PGTs of odisha prioritised activities in the area like, education giving stress on pre-primary education, housing and connectivity and safe drinking water, etc.

20. 6. M.A.D.A MADA scheme has been operating since the sixth plan for the total development of the dispersed tribal population residing outside TSP area, which are contiguous smaller areas having a population of 10,000 or more, with 50% tribal concentration 46 such MADA pockets in 47 blocks in 17 districts having 5.68 lakh tribal population, are functioning in the state. 7. CLUSTER : The cluster approach has been introduced from the middle of the 7 th plan period in order to bring smaller areas of tribal concentration beyond the MADA pockets into the mainstream of development.

21. 8. D.T.D.P : As an extension of TSP strategy, the dispersed ST population of the state located outside the ITDA/MADA/ Cluster Pocket/ Micro Project areas is covered under a special project for tribal development called ‘ Dispersed Tribal Development Project. 9. SPECIAL PLAN FOR KBK DISTRICTS (RLTAP) : Ever since implementation of the RLTAP , a major thrust area of activity has been promotion of literacy among the ST and SC in general and promotion of female literacy in particular by way of providing scholarship to SC/ST.

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