Bone tissue

1. Bone Tissue

2. Dense (Regular) Connective Tissue
Rigid Connective Tissue
Cartilage (3 types)
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrous
As previously discussed, connective tissue important
to the skeletal system can, so far, be summarized as
follows:
Fibrous connective tissue
Tendons
Ligaments

3. Of all the different types of connective tissues found
in the body, bone is the most rigid, and it comes in
two tissue forms called spongy bone and compact
bone.
Spongy BoneCompact BoneAs can be seen
from this
picture, under
normal
magnification
spongy bone
looks porous,
while compact
bone looks
solid.

4. A microscopic look at both types of bone tissue
reveals two very different looks
Spongy or
Cancellous Bone
Compact or
Cortical bone

5. Compact bone is constructed in complex, cylindrical
units called Haversian or Osteonic systems which are
arranged directly next to each other and are
“cemented” together with additional matrix material.
This is what gives compact bone its “solid” look.

6. A more technical description of
compact bone tissue is collagenous
fibers embedded in a solid ground
substance of calcium and
magnesium salts, which is mostly
calcium phosphate or the mineral
hydroxyapatite, arranged in
concentric cylindrical layers, called
lamellae, enclosing a central canal
(osteonic or “Haversian” canal) with
“spider shaped” bone cells
(osteocytes) lying in small spaces
(lacunae) between the layers.

8. Spongy bone is matrix arranged as trabeculae,
meaning “little beam,” which are bone “spicules”
(which means a small, needlelike structure) that look
like columns or “struts” with spaces between them.
This is what gives spongy bone its porous look.

9. a.Bone tissue has several important functions:
•Bones (along with some cartilage) are the main
support structures of the body.
•Bones protect the body’s internal organs.
•Bones provide attachment sites for tendons
which hold muscles in place. This function is
important in creating lever systems for body
movement.
•Blood cells are produced in the red marrow of
bones (the porous nature of spongy bone allows
red bone marrow to be housed and protected).
•Bones function as storage facilities for inorganic
salts like calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous.