BP503TP Unit 1 Basic metabolic pathways.pptx

Basic Pathways

1. The mevalonate pathway The mevalonate is used by nature to prepare dimethylallyl PP and isopentenyl PP as synthons for the synthesis of terpenoids. Terpenoids are derived from isoprene units which are joined in a head-to-tail or head-to-head fashion. C5 C10 C 1 5 C 2 C25 C 3 C 4 hemiterpenes monoterpenes ses q ui t er p enes diterpenes sesterterpenes triterpenes tetraterpenes Huge variety of different structures; highly complex natural products because of further skeletal rearrangements of metabolites. Furthermore, subunits of terpenes are often derived from other metabolic pathways.

2. Mevalonate pathway

3. Mevalonate pathway is used for the synthesis of important metabolic products; most noteworthy steroids. Inhibition of enzymes responsible results in disruption of the steroid biosynthesis Inhibition of HMG-CoA: statins (used to lower cholesterol levels in blood) Inhibition of FPPS: bisphosphonates (used in the treatment of osteoporosis)