BREAST SELF EXAMINATION.pptx for first gnm students

Breast self examination for 1 st gnm students in community health nursing

1. ASHWINI SATHYA

2. Breast examination should be made a necessary part of regular health check-up. Not only women's but men's breasts also need to be examined from time to time.

3. Time of Breast Examination 1. At the time of general health checkup. 2. At least once a year by a doctor/nursing personnel. 3. If there is a history of breast cancer in the family, twice a year. 4. Once a month, breast self examination. 5. During menopause, once a month either breast self ex-amination or by doctor. In general, breast examination should be done after 1 week of menses.

4. Components of Breast Examination Physical examination or general examination. Breast self examination. Laboratory examination (examination of secretion etc.). Biopsy. Radiographic examination of the breasts is done by mammography.

5. Technique of General Examination of Breast For general examination of the breasts inspection and palpation are done.

6. Positions for Breast Examination For Inspection Sitting position (hands at waist). Sitting position (hand above head). Leaning towards front (breasts hanging forward) For Palpation Supine position.

7. MAIN POINTS OF BSE Breast Size and Symmetry Generally breasts should be round and of the same shape. Little bit difference in the size of breasts is common. Breasts are divided into three categories; small, medium and large size.

8. Colour of Skin and Oedema Colour of skin of the breast and oedema should be checked. The skin should be plain, smooth and elastic.  Colour depends upon racial characteristics (black, white etc.) colour of the breasts and inflammation is an indication infection or cancer

9. Nipple Size and Shape The nipples should point to the front and should be of equal size. Inverting of the nipple towards inside, or nipple becoming flat or broad indicate the probability of cancer. Secretion coming out of nipple is not an indication of cancer. The presence of rashes or wounds in the nipple also should be checked.

10. Colour of Areola Areola is darker in pregnant and black or brown coloured women.

11. Breast Palpation For this, the woman should lie down in supine position. Both breasts should be palpated gently. Surrounding area of breast, areola, breast base and the axilla should be checked for presence of any lump or nodule. In palpation with the help of finger pads, the parts all around breast and the elevated breast part should be assessed circularly for examination of breast tissues.

12. If woman complains of lump in one breast the other breast should be examined first, so that the difference between the two can be felt. In case a lump, node or mass is present, its location, size and shape (round, broad, tubular etc.) limits, mobility (movable or immovable) and consistency should be noted. The nipple and areola should be pressed to check the secretions. In addition to breasts; under arms and axilla should also be examined for any lump or bulging area.

13. BREAST SELF EXAMINATION Breast self examination should be done after menses. This examination may be done in bedroom or bathroom while standing in front of a mirror.

14. steps The following are the steps of breast self examination: 1. Lie down straight on the back and place a pillow under the right shoulder and keep the right arm under the head.

15. 2. Use the finger pads of three middle fingers of the left hand to feel any lump or nodule in the right breast.

16. 3. With the finger pads try to feel all around the breast for the presence of any lump or elevated area.

17. 4. Either circular movement or from bottom to top, any method may be followed, but the entire breast should be examined.

18. 5. If there is any change in the colour or elevation of breasts, nipple or areola, it should be noted, this change can be seen by standing in front of the mirror.

19. 6. After examining the right breast, also examine the left breast.

20. 7. If any abnormality is found, take the advice of doctor

21. Examination of Male Breast Male also should examine their breasts from time to time by palpation and check for any abnormality in colour , size, areola, nipple or presence of any lump.