Breathing and breathing exercise

Breathing and breathing exercise

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BREATHING AND BREATHING AND
BREATHING BREATHING
EXERCISEEXERCISE
QURATULAIN MUGHALQURATULAIN MUGHAL
BATCH 4BATCH 4
ISRA UNIVERSITYISRA UNIVERSITY
DOCTOR OF PHYSICAL THERAPYDOCTOR OF PHYSICAL THERAPY

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BREATHINGBREATHING
DEFINITION:DEFINITION:
“ “the process that moves air the process that moves air
in and out of the lungsin and out of the lungs
called breathing orcalled breathing or
pulmonary ventilation”pulmonary ventilation”

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Organisms with lungs breathing is also Organisms with lungs breathing is also
called ventilation which includes both called ventilation which includes both
inhalationinhalation (active process) and exhalation (active process) and exhalation
(passive process). (passive process).
Breathing is only one of the processes that Breathing is only one of the processes that
deliver oxygen to where it is needed in the deliver oxygen to where it is needed in the
body and remove carbon dioxide body and remove carbon dioxide

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ORGANS THAT INVOLVE IN ORGANS THAT INVOLVE IN
BREATHINGBREATHING
NoseNose
TracheaTrachea
BronchiBronchi
BronchiolesBronchioles
Lungs Lungs
Muscles along with diaphragmMuscles along with diaphragm

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NOSENOSE
the beginning of the respiratory tract. the beginning of the respiratory tract.

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FUNCTION OF NOSEFUNCTION OF NOSE
WarmWarm
MoistenMoisten
Filter fine particlesFilter fine particles

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TRACHEATRACHEA
•Tube like structure.Tube like structure.

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FUNCTION OF TRACHAEFUNCTION OF TRACHAE
Responsible for transporting air for Responsible for transporting air for
respiration from the larynx to the bronchi. respiration from the larynx to the bronchi.

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DIAPHRAGM
Is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle.Is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle.
It separates the thoracic cavity containing It separates the thoracic cavity containing
heart & lungs , from the abdominal cavityheart & lungs , from the abdominal cavity

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LUNGSLUNGS
The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled
organs located on either side of the chest organs located on either side of the chest
(thorax) (thorax)

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BREATHING PROCESSBREATHING PROCESS
Breathing starts at the nose. You inhale air Breathing starts at the nose. You inhale air
into your nose, and it travels down the into your nose, and it travels down the
back of your throat and into your windpipe, back of your throat and into your windpipe,
or trachea or trachea
trachea then divides into air passages trachea then divides into air passages
called bronchial tubes. called bronchial tubes.
Bronchial tubes pass through the lungs, Bronchial tubes pass through the lungs,
they divided into smaller air passages they divided into smaller air passages
called bronchioles or bronchial tree. called bronchioles or bronchial tree.

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The bronchioles end in tiny balloon-like air The bronchioles end in tiny balloon-like air
sacs called alveoli sacs called alveoli
body has over 300 million alveoli.body has over 300 million alveoli.
The alveoli are surrounded by a mesh of The alveoli are surrounded by a mesh of
tiny blood vessels called capillaries.tiny blood vessels called capillaries.

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Here, oxygen from the inhaled air passes Here, oxygen from the inhaled air passes
through the alveoli walls and into the through the alveoli walls and into the
blood. blood.
And And carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide passes out of the passes out of the
blood into the air in the alveoli. blood into the air in the alveoli.

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WHEN YOU INHALEWHEN YOU INHALE
Nerves from the brain send impulses to Nerves from the brain send impulses to
the inspiration and expiration muscles to the inspiration and expiration muscles to
contract and relax.contract and relax.
the diaphragm contracts downward which the diaphragm contracts downward which
create vacuum in the lungs by the fresh create vacuum in the lungs by the fresh
air.air.
The lungs are covered by a thin tissue The lungs are covered by a thin tissue
layer called the pleura layer called the pleura

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CONT…CONT…
the thin space between the two pleural the thin space between the two pleural
layers is known as the pleural cavity and layers is known as the pleural cavity and
normally contains a small amount of normally contains a small amount of
pleural fluid which allows the lungs to slip pleural fluid which allows the lungs to slip
smoothly as they expand & contract.smoothly as they expand & contract.
The volume of thoracic cavity increases.The volume of thoracic cavity increases.

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MUSCLES OF INSPIRATIONMUSCLES OF INSPIRATION
Diaphragm (primary m/s of inhale)Diaphragm (primary m/s of inhale)
Scalene (elevates 1Scalene (elevates 1
stst
two ribs) two ribs)
Sternocleidomastoid (elevates sternum)Sternocleidomastoid (elevates sternum)
Serratus anterior( supporting m/s)Serratus anterior( supporting m/s)
External intercostal( moves upward and External intercostal( moves upward and
outward)outward)

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WHEN YOU EXHALEWHEN YOU EXHALE
Relaxation of the muscles of inspiration.Relaxation of the muscles of inspiration.
Relaxation of the diaphragm.Relaxation of the diaphragm.
Lungs deflation.Lungs deflation.
Chest cavity is dec. by upward movt. Of Chest cavity is dec. by upward movt. Of
diaphragm.diaphragm.

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MUSCLES OF EXPIRATIONMUSCLES OF EXPIRATION
External obliqueExternal oblique
RectoabdominalRectoabdominal
Internal oblique Internal oblique
Transverse abdominal Transverse abdominal

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NORMALLYNORMALLY
A healthy adult breathes in and out about 12 A healthy adult breathes in and out about 12
times per minute (changes with exercise and times per minute (changes with exercise and
other factors)other factors)
Total lung capacity is about 12.5 pints (6 liters).Total lung capacity is about 12.5 pints (6 liters).
humans inhale and exhale about one pint (475 humans inhale and exhale about one pint (475
milliliters) of air in each cycle, but only about milliliters) of air in each cycle, but only about
three-quarters of this air reaches the alveoli.three-quarters of this air reaches the alveoli.
the lungs always retain about 2.5 pints (1200 the lungs always retain about 2.5 pints (1200
milliliters) of air. This residual air keeps the milliliters) of air. This residual air keeps the
alveoli and bronchioles partially filled at all times.alveoli and bronchioles partially filled at all times.

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NAMES OF BREATHING NAMES OF BREATHING
EXERCISEEXERCISE
Abdominal BreathingAbdominal Breathing
Pursed-lipPursed-lip
Aerobic exercise (also known as cardio)Aerobic exercise (also known as cardio)
Anaerobic exerciseAnaerobic exercise
Side to SideSide to Side
Optimal Energy BreathingOptimal Energy Breathing
back breathingback breathing
Scarf BreathingScarf Breathing
Child’s PoseChild’s Pose
Coordinate breathingCoordinate breathing
Deep breathingDeep breathing

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DEEP BREATHINGDEEP BREATHING
Adapting a habit of breathing deeply from Adapting a habit of breathing deeply from
your nostril not from your mouth.your nostril not from your mouth.

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Abdominal BreathingAbdominal Breathing
Benefits/Goals:Benefits/Goals:
Promotes slower, deeper breathing.Promotes slower, deeper breathing.
Finds where you feel more breathing in your Finds where you feel more breathing in your
body.body.
Helps to hold increases in breathing.Helps to hold increases in breathing.
Helps massage and oxygenate kidneys and Helps massage and oxygenate kidneys and
adrenals.adrenals.
Reduces the tendency to look for more Reduces the tendency to look for more
breathing in the high chest and shoulders.breathing in the high chest and shoulders.
Shoulders remain lower.Shoulders remain lower.

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Side to SideSide to Side
Benefits/Purposes/Goals:Benefits/Purposes/Goals:
Expands side breath Expands side breath
Stretches and tones the Para-spinal muscles Stretches and tones the Para-spinal muscles
(muscles on either side of your spine) and (muscles on either side of your spine) and
intercostals (muscles between your ribs.intercostals (muscles between your ribs.
Helps to hold increases in breathing.Helps to hold increases in breathing.
Helps open Throat Chakra (speaking your truth) Helps open Throat Chakra (speaking your truth)
to better express yourself.to better express yourself.
Enhanced internal connection with personal Enhanced internal connection with personal
power.power.
Mildly efficient aerobic exercise.Mildly efficient aerobic exercise.

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REFERENCESREFERENCES
SlideshareSlideshare
http://bcs.whfreeman.comhttp://bcs.whfreeman.com
www.teachpe.comwww.teachpe.com
www.youtube.comwww.youtube.com

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THANKYOUTHANKYOU
ANY QUESTIONS?ANY QUESTIONS?