Breeding methods in sugarcane

Breeding Methods inn Sugarcane, Varietal Development in Sugar cane, breeding sugar crops

1. College of Agriculture
BZU, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah

2. OUTLINE
Breeding
Objectives
Limitations
Breeding
Methods
Conclusion

3. Breeding Objectives
To develop sugarcane varieties with
characteristics of:
•High yielding
•High sugar contents
•Drought tolerance
•Cold tolerance
•Salt tolerance
•Good ratoon ability
•Resistant to insect pest and diseases

4. Limitations
•Complex genome
•Lack of genetic information
•Variable chromosome number
•Rare flowering habit
•Poor fertility
•Susceptibility to biotic and abiotic
stresses
•Long duration to breed improved
cultivars

5. Breeding Methods
Biparental crosses
Area crosses
Coimbatore Method
Marcotting technique
Melting pot technique

6. Biparental crosses
•Sugarcane is of erratic nature
•Male sterility is common
•Pollens are dehiscent
•Protandrous
•Pollens become dead due to winds
•Crossing is necessary
•In controlled environment

8. Marcotting
method
During
flowering,
cut around
the stem
Tie a
polythene
bag with
nutrients.
The bud
near cut,
give rise
to roots.
This can
be cut and
used
further.
This
method is
called
marcotting
.

9. Coimbatore method
•During flowering period, the sugarcane stem will be cut leaving one or
two bud.
•The cut stem can be transferred to a mud pot having moist mud.
•Within 10 days the buds will develop into roots and there will be good
root system.
•This can be transferred to the breeding block.

10. Coimbatore method
•In the crossing block, the male and female plants are covered with
common lantern.Free shedding pollen over female plant will occur.
•We can harvest both selfed and crossed seeds from the female
parent.The selfed seeds can be identified by raising them in the
nursery.
•Selfed seeds thus removed retaining crossed seeds.

11. Area crosses
Sterile lines are
crossed with
common male
parent
1
Male parent
arrow wrapped
around female
parent
2
Arrow is
covered with
muslin cloth
(air can flow)
3
Used with self
incompatible
lines
4

12. Melting pot
(Hawaii
Technique)
Male sterile flowers taken
Placed in sulphurous acid solution
0.01% Sulphuric Acid
0.01% Phosphoric acid
Crossed with male flowers
This method eliminates labor cost
Ensure large number of viable seeds

13. Varieties