Brodmann's areas of the cerebral cortex

Functional areas of the cerebral cortex

1. Dr.Mohammed Sadiq Azam Postgraduate, Prof.Siraj’s unit, M:I Deccan College of Medical Sciences FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES

2. BRAIN - ANATOMY

3. BRAIN - ANATOMY

4. BRAIN - ANATOMY

5. BRAIN – FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY

6. HISTOLOGY Six layers: I: Molecular layer II: External granular layer III: Small pyramidal cell layer IV: Internal granular layer V: Large pyramidal cell layer VI: Layer of fusiform or polymorphic cells

7. SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX

8. SENSORY HOMUNCULOUS

9. SSA 1 & SSA 2 Amorphsynthesis – forgets one half SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX

10. MOTOR CORTEX

11. MOTOR HOMUNCULOUS

12. MOTOR AREAS

13. Way station for “command signals” Important in movement & equilibrium Reticular nuclei and vestibular nuclei Vestibular nuclei: M, K, S ROLE OF BRAIN STEM IN MOTOR FUNCTION:

14. VISUAL CORTEX

15. VISUAL CORTEX

16. VISUAL CORTEX

17. CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENTS EOM: Medial & Lateral recti Inferior & Suerior recti Superior & Inferipr oblique MLF

18. CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENTS Fixation eye movements Voluntary fixation mechanism Involuntary fixation mechanism Role of superior colliculi in involuntary fixation Continuous tremor Slow drift Flicking movts Saccadic eye movements Pursuit movements

19. AUDITORY CORTEX

20. AUDITORY CORTEX Determination of direction of entry of sound: Time lag between entry of sound into one ear and the other Difference between the intensities of the sounds in the two ears. Neural mechanism: Superior olivary nucleus

21. OLFACTORY CORTEX Very old – Medial olfactory area Hypothalamus & limbic cortex Less old olfactory area Limbic cortex & Paleocortex Newer pathway Dorsomedial thalamic nucleus Lateropasterior quadrant of the orbitofrontale cortex

22. ASSOCIATION AREAS

23. ASSOCIATION AREAS Parietooccipitotemporal association area: Spatial co-ordinates Language comprehension (Wernicke’s area) Visual comprehension (Angulate gyrus - Dyslexia) Naming objects Prefrontal association area: Sequential and parallel inputs of motor function Planning of motor activity (thought process) Working memory

24. ASSOCIATION AREAS

25. = GENERAL INTERPRETIVE AREA = GNOSTIC AREA = KNOWING AREA = TERITARY ASSOCIATION AREA Single greatest role of any part of the cerebral cortex for the function of intelligence. Highly developed on the dominant hemisphere in the posterior part of the superior temporal lobe. WERNICKE’S AREA:

26. Most inferior portion of posterior parietal lobe. Visual comprehension D yslexia ANGULAR GYRUS

27. Medial undersides of both occipital lobes Prosophenosia FACE RECOGNITION

28. SPEAKING A HEARD WORD

29. SPEAKING A WRITTEN WORD

30. Interpretation of music Nonverbal visual experiences (patterns) Spatial relationships between person and environment Body language, intonation of voices Somatic experiences from limbs and hands NON DOMINANT HEMISPHERE

31. Lesion at angular and supramarginal gyri near parietotemporal junction Dysgraphia Dyscalculia Finger agnosia Left right disorientation Gerstmann syndrome

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