BS-II Khyber Range.ppt this presentation may can help you in stratigraphy

Stratigraphy of Khyber Ranges
1. Shagai Formation
Stauffer 1968, proposed the name Shagai Limestone

Type Locality
Shagai Fort (340 01’ 00’’ N; 710 17’ 00’’ E) in Khyber pass

Lithology
According to shah 1970; limestone and dolomite
Limestone; at upper part 15m, thin bedded, yellow to brown
Dolomite; at the lower part 15m, massive, grey, brown on weathering
According to Khan 1989; yellowish grey shale with interclation of lenses of pale coloured, argillaceous limestone and dolomite. The shale has pencil structure and weathers into yellowish colour

Thickness/Distribution
30m thick in Khyber range

Fossils
Not documented

Age
Precambrian

Contact
Lower: not exposed; due to core of large anticline
Upper: unconformable with Khyber limestone
2. Ali Masjid Formation
Stauffer 1968, introduces the name

Type Locality
After small village Ali Masjid; 2km W-NW of Shagai Fort

Lithology
Shale, siltstone, and sandstone, quartzite and limestone
Diagnostic feature at type locality are red colour shale and an alternation of various lithologies
Basal part of formation; siltstone with subordinate shale and volcanic ash, followed by sandsotne and quartzite; fine to medium grained, medium to thick bedded
At type locality, sequence includes 34m limestone, dark grey, weathering to light grey, thin to medium bedded having calcite veins
Some says it is slump block of Khyber Limestone

Thickness/Distribution
Distributed in Khyber ranges, having thickness of 120m

Fossils
Not well documented; some species found

Age
Pre-Cambrian but Shah 1970, suggested to be Silurian/Devonian age (a Slump Block)

Contact
Lower: Faulted with Khyber Limestone
Upper: Faulted with Shagai Formation
3. Khyber Limestone
Stauffer 1968, introduces the name

Type Locality
Khyber Pass

Lithology
Limestone is dominant lithology; and is dark grey, massive, recrystallized to grey to brown dolomite, which is fine grained, thick bedded, contains calcite and quartz veins, at places limesotne can be oolitic and also include sills and dykes
Clay and sandstone beds can be found at the base

Thickness/Distribution
Forms cliffs and high peaks in the area, about 1300m thick

Fossils
Not well documented

Age
By superposition, it is overlain by Landikotal Slates of 750 MA

Contact
Lower: Faulted with Ali Masjid Formation
Upper: unconformable with Landikotal Slates
4. Landikotal Formation
Stauffer 1968, Landikotal Slates
Shah 1980, Landikotal Formation

Type Locality
Landikotal Village

Lithology
Slates; light grey, featuring pencil slates, grading to phyllitic slates
Rare lenticular limestone beds interclated with quarzitic sandstone and brown, commonly intruded by dolorite sills/dykes

Fossils
Not well documented

Age
Khan 1989, Precambrian

Contact
Lower: unconformable with Khyber Limestone
Upper: conformable with Ghundai Sar Formation
5. Ghundai Sar Formation
Hussain and Yeats 1987, introduces the name

Type Locality
Ghundai Sar, 1km north of Jamrud

Lithology
The formation consists of interbedded dolomite,

1. Stratigraphy of Khyber Ranges
Location
Stratigraphy
Age Formation
Devonian-Carboniferous Lowera Mena Formation
Silurian/Devonian Ghundai Sar Formation
Pre-cambrian Landikotal Slates
Pre-cambrian Khyber Limestone
Faulted Contact
Pre-cambrian Ali Masjid Formation
Faulted Contact
Pre-cambrian ShagaiFormation

2. 1. Shagai Formation
Stauffer 1968, proposed the name Shagai Limestone
Type Locality
Shagai Fort (34
0
01’ 00’’ N; 71
0
17’ 00’’ E) in Khyber pass
Lithology
According to shah 1970; limestone and dolomite
Limestone; at upper part 15m, thin bedded, yellow to brown
Dolomite; at the lower part 15m, massive, grey, brown on weathering
According to Khan 1989; yellowish grey shale with interclation of lenses of pale coloured,
argillaceous limestone and dolomite. The shale has pencil structure and weathers into yellowish
colour
Thickness/Distribution
30m thick in Khyber range
Fossils
Not documented
Age
Precambrian
Contact
Lower: not exposed; due to core of large anticline
Upper: unconformable with Khyber limestone

3. 2. Ali Masjid Formation
Stauffer 1968, introduces the name
Type Locality
After small village Ali Masjid; 2km W-NW of Shagai Fort
Lithology
Shale, siltstone, and sandstone, quartzite and limestone
Diagnostic feature at type locality are red colour shale and an alternation of various lithologies
Basal part of formation; siltstone with subordinate shale and volcanic ash, followed by
sandsotne and quartzite; fine to medium grained, medium to thick bedded
At type locality, sequence includes 34m limestone, dark grey, weathering to light grey, thin to
medium bedded having calcite veins
Some says it is slump block of Khyber Limestone
Thickness/Distribution
Distributed in Khyber ranges, having thickness of 120m
Fossils
Not well documented; some species found
Age
Pre-Cambrian but Shah 1970, suggested to be Silurian/Devonian age (a Slump Block)
Contact
Lower: Faulted with Khyber Limestone
Upper: Faulted with Shagai Formation

4. 3. Khyber Limestone
Stauffer 1968, introduces the name
Type Locality
Khyber Pass
Lithology
Limestone is dominant lithology; and is dark grey, massive, recrystallized to grey to
brown dolomite, which is fine grained, thick bedded, contains calcite and quartz
veins, at places limesotne can be oolitic and also include sills and dykes
Clay and sandstone beds can be found at the base
Thickness/Distribution
Forms cliffs and high peaks in the area, about 1300m thick
Fossils
Not well documented
Age
By superposition, it is overlain by Landikotal Slates of 750 MA
Contact
Lower: Faulted with Ali Masjid Formation
Upper: unconformable with Landikotal Slates

5. 4. Landikotal Formation
Stauffer 1968, Landikotal Slates
Shah 1980, Landikotal Formation
Type Locality
Landikotal Village
Lithology
Slates; light grey, featuring pencil slates, grading to phyllitic slates
Rare lenticular limestone beds interclated with quarzitic sandstone and
brown, commonly intruded by dolorite sills/dykes
Fossils
Not well documented
Age
Khan 1989, Precambrian
Contact
Lower: unconformable with Khyber Limestone
Upper: conformable with Ghundai Sar Formation

6. 5. Ghundai Sar Formation
Hussain and Yeats 1987, introduces the name
Type Locality
Ghundai Sar, 1km north of Jamrud
Lithology
The formation consists of interbedded dolomite, marble, limestone, argillite
and quartzite
Argillite include slates and phyllites of light to dark grey colour
Quartzite is fine to medium grained, white to grey
Basic rocks intrusion are also observed
Fossils
Crinoids, coral, mollusks, bryozons
Age
Silurina/Devonian; Correlated with Nowshehra Reef Complex
Contact
Lower: conformable with Landikotal Formation
Upper: conformable with Lowera Mena Formation

7. 6. Lowera Mena Formation
Hussain 1987, introduces the term
Previous it is said it is part of Landikotal Slates
Type Locality/Section
Reference section between Shahid Mena and Lowera Mena
Lithology
Dominantly composed of phyllite, phyllitic slates, interbedded limestone
Greyish to whitish quartzite
Quartz veins and granitic intrusion are common
Fossils
Devonian fossils, Crinoid, Brachiopods
Age
Devonian to Carboniferous
Contact
Lower: conformable with Ghundai Sar Formation
Upper: unconformable with Warsak Complex