Btl of El Alamein one of the most interesting battles

btl of el alamein

1. WELCOME TO BATTLE PRESENTATION BTL EL ALAMEIN

2. BTL EL ALAMEIN BATTLE OF EL ALAMEIN MAJ AZIZ CAPT ROBI (GP LDR) CAPT MEHEDI PRESENTED BY

3. OCT-NOV 1942 INTRO BTL EL ALAMEIN

4. BTL EL ALAMEIN TO APPRISE YOU WITH THE BATTLE OF EL ALAMEIN AIM

5. BTL EL ALAMEIN SCOPE Strat Imp of North Africa Background of the battle Description of battle ground CAPT ROBI CAPT ROBI ORBAT Battle plan The Battle MAJ AZIZ The causes of axis failure The causes of allied success Principles of war applied CAPT MEHEDI Lessons Learnt

6. BTL EL ALAMEIN STRAT IMP OF NORTH AFRICA

7. BTL EL ALAMEIN STRAT IMP Geo- strat imp of Egypt Imp of Suez Canal Dominance over Mediterranean Sea Opening a second front at North Africa

8. BTL EL ALAMEIN Depletion of Axis Land Forces Imp to Italians Imp to Hitler Probability of German-Japan Overland Connection STRAT IMP

9. BTL EL ALAMEIN BACKGROUND OF THE BTL

10. BTL EL ALAMEIN ROYAL NEVAL BASE ALGERIA NORTH AFRICA

11. BTL EL ALAMEIN DESCRIPTION OF THE BTL GRD

12. BTL EL ALAMEIN N MEDITERRANEAN SEA Qattra Depression Sidi Abd el Rahman Jebel Kalakh El Alamein El Taqa Plateau Qarat El Himeimat Ruweisat Ridge Miteirya Ridge Kidney Ridge Tell El Eisa Tell el Aqquqir N

13. BTL EL ALAMEIN ORBAT ALLIED FORCES COMMANDER Field Marshal Viscount Bernard Montgomery

14. BTL EL ALAMEIN ALLIED FORCES 9 Australian Division 1 South African Division 50 Indian Infantry Division 10 Indian Infantry Division 51 Highland Division 23 Armored Group 9 UK Armored Brigade LT GEN LEESE 30 CORPS ORBAT

15. BTL EL ALAMEIN ALLIED FORCES LT GEN HARROCKS 13 CORPS 7 th Armored Division. 5 th Indian Infantry Division. 2 nd New Zealand Division. 44 Royal Tank Regiment. 1 st Free French Brigade Group. 2 nd Free French Brigade Group. 1 st Greek Infantry Brigade Group. ORBAT

16. BTL EL ALAMEIN LT GEN LUMSDEN 1 Armored Division. 8 Armored Division. 10 Armored Division ALLIED FORCES 10 CORPS ORBAT

17. BTL EL ALAMEIN AXIS FORCE COMMANDER GEN STUMME (Till 24 th Oct) FM ERWIN ROMMEL ORBAT

18. BTL EL ALAMEIN NAZI GERMANY 15 Panzer Division. 21 Panzer Division. 164 Motorized Division. 90 Light Division. 19 Flak Division. Ramcke Parachute Brigade AXIS FORCE ORBAT

19. BTL EL ALAMEIN AXIS FORCE ITALY Littorio Armored Division. Ariete Armored Division. Trento Division. Brescia Infantry Division. Bologna Infantry Division. Pavia Infantry Division. Folgore Group Para Division. Trieste Motorized Division. ORBAT

20. BTL EL ALAMEIN BTL PLAN

21. BTL EL ALAMEIN ROMMEL’S PLAN

22. BTL EL ALAMEIN N DEPLOYMENT NORTHERN CENTRAL SOUTHERN AXIS FORCE Northern Sector 164 Motorized Division. Trento Infantry Division. 15 Panzar Division(Res). Littorio Armored Division(Res). Central Sector Bologna Infantry Division. Brescia Infantry Division. Ramcke parachute Brigade. 21 Panzer Division (Res). Southern Sector Folgore group para Division. Pavia Infantry Division. Arietc Armored Division(Res) DEPLOYMENT

23. BTL EL ALAMEIN 10 CORPS 3 C O R P S 13 CORPS ALLIED PLAN

24. BTL EL ALAMEIN N DEPLOYMENT NORTHERN CENTRAL SOUTHERN ALLIED FORCE Northern Sector Lt Gen Leese 9 Australian Division. 51 Highland Division. 2 New Zealand Division. 1 South African Division. 4 Indian Division 23 Armored group 9 UK Armored Brigade Central Sector Lt Gen Horrocks 50 Division. 44 Division. 7 Armored Division Southern Sector 1 Free French Brigade 2 Free French Brigade 1 Greek Infantry Brigade group DEPLOYMENT

25. BTL EL ALAMEIN ARTILLARY PLAN ALLIED PLAN

26. BTL EL ALAMEIN PLAN FOR AIR FORCE ALLIED PLAN

27. BTL EL ALAMEIN DECEPTION PLAN COCEALED THE CONCENTRATION DECEIVE EN ABOUT THE DIR OF THE MAIN ATTACK FEINT LANDING BEHIND EN LINES ALLIED PLAN

28. BTL EL ALAMEIN CONDUCT OF THE BTL

29. BTL EL ALAMEIN THE BREAK IN OP “LIGHT FOOT’’, 23-24 OCT 42 THE DOG FIGHT, 25-30 OCT 42 THE BREAK OUT OP, “SUPER CHARGE”, 31 OCT – 04 NOV 42 PHASES

30. BTL EL ALAMEIN THE BREAK-IN (23-24 OCTOBER)

31. BTL EL ALAMEIN 10 CORPS 30 CORPS 13 CORPS

32. BTL EL ALAMEIN THE DOG-FIGHT ( 24/25 OCTOBER)

33. BTL EL ALAMEIN

34. BTL EL ALAMEIN ATTACK SWITCHES TO NORTH

35. BTL EL ALAMEIN

36. BTL EL ALAMEIN

37. BTL EL ALAMEIN FINAL PLAN FOR BREAK OUT OPERATION BREAK OUT (OPERATION SUPER CHARGE)

38. BTL EL ALAMEIN

39. BTL EL ALAMEIN

40. BTL EL ALAMEIN CAUSES OF AXIS FAILURE

41. BTL EL ALAMEIN CAUSES OF AXIS FAILURE Acute shortage of war material Inadequacy of weapons and equipment POL reserve restricts movement

42. BTL EL ALAMEIN Restrictions on bombardment British air superiority Absence of FM Romel CAUSES OF AXIS FAILURE

43. BTL EL ALAMEIN Death of Gen Stumme Italian’s unserviceable weapons and equipments Strategic deception plan of FM Montogomery FM Rommel found himself locked in battle CAUSES OF AXIS FAILURE

44. BTL EL ALAMEIN CAUSES OF ALLIED SUCCESS

45. BTL EL ALAMEIN CAUSES OF ALLIED SUCCESS Superiority of weapons and equipments Abundance of supply Flexibility of plan to meet unforeseen situation Meticulous planning

46. BTL EL ALAMEIN CAUSES OF ALLIED SUCCESS Firm decision and quick exec Extreme conc of arty fire Air superiority Use of ni attk with meticulous plan and hold exec Improved leadership at all levels of command

47. BTL EL ALAMEIN Localized and limited attacks exec with lavish use of material Adoption of appropriate tac Tk Arty Engr and inf tac CAUSES OF ALLIED SUCCESS

48. BTL EL ALAMEIN PRINCIPLES OF WAR APPLIED

49. BTL EL ALAMEIN The objective given to 8th Army was the destruction of GERMAN and ITALIAN forces under Field Marshal Rommel. General Montgomery directed all the efforts to attain that end. OBJECTIVE/AIM

50. BTL EL ALAMEIN Belief in the cause Belief in own superiority Welfare and Administration Regimentation or Spirit-de-Corps MAINTENANCE OF MORALE "if we cannot stay here alive, then let us stay here dead, there will be no more retreat or withdraw"

51. BTL EL ALAMEIN CONCENTRATION Concentration before the launching of assault (strategic concentration) Montgomery was supplied lavishly with latest tanks, guns and air craft for the battle of EL ALAMEIN Concentration during the battle (tactical concentration)

52. BTL EL ALAMEIN Proper distribution of balanced forces all along the front line and in depth. GERMAN Air Force could hardly create security problem for the 8th Army as Royal Desert Air Force gained air superiority in the battle area. The supply bases were safe from GERMAN Air and Artillery attack. SECURITY

53. BTL EL ALAMEIN Directly assaulting e nemy position relentlessly Indirectly by Harassing fire Counter bombardment Air actions Raids Aggressive patrolling OFFENSIVE ACTION

54. BTL EL ALAMEIN By disposing infantry all along the front line having proportions of Motorized Brigade, with them. 10 Corps to move to wherever required. FLEXIBILITY

55. BTL EL ALAMEIN The axis expected main thrust to the South but it was delivered to the North The axis did not know the weight, direction and time of the assault Direction of attack, to breakout operation in operation "Super Charge" Axis expected breakout to the extreme north and prepared accordingly but it was against the ITALIANS two miles south of the GERMAN Bank SURPRISE

56. BTL EL ALAMEIN Strict dress regulations Emphasis on personal hygiene and sanitation Recreation facilities for troops Regular postal service Timely evacuation and Treatment of casualty Leave Allowed the nurses to visit forward position ADMINISTRATION

57. BTL EL ALAMEIN Moved 8th Army Headquarters near Royal Air Force Headquarters. Montgomery himself established good rapport with Air Force Commander by personal visits. CO-OPERATION

58. BTL EL ALAMEIN LESSONS LEARNT

59. BTL EL ALAMEIN Sound log and admin is essential for success Proper leadership and training can raise the standard Strong defense position can also be breached Surprise and deception to be achieved to gain success LESSONS LEARNT

60. BTL EL ALAMEIN Cooperation between Services to be sought Air support is vital to win a battle Reserve should be kept concentrated and employed judiciously LESSONS LEARNT

61. BTL EL ALAMEIN Co-operation The co-operation among the fighting and supporting arms is essential with precise coordination for initial break-in dog fight and subsequent breakout operations. FOR ATTACKER

62. BTL EL ALAMEIN Reserve Adequate reserve for launching fresh troops in attack to exploit any opportunity and maintain pressure on enemy constantly FOR ATTACKER

63. BTL EL ALAMEIN Air Superiority Should have a parity. Resources Should have enough resources and capabilities for attacking enemy supply bases, ammunition, POL dumps by air raid or through ground raid and long range artillery fire. FOR DEFENDERS

64. BTL EL ALAMEIN Intelligence Should have capability of battle field interdiction, well organized intelligence and counter intelligence system to avoid being surprised, for knowing enemy weight, strength and direction of attack and not giving out own location, etc. Reserve Should have adequate reserve with means of battle field mobility either to stop penetration or to launch counter attack wherever enemy breaks through. FOR DEFENDERS

65. BTL EL ALAMEIN OPEN FORUM

66. BTL EL ALAMEIN THANK YOU