Calcium gluconate

calcium gluconteis a mineral supplement

1. INTRODUCTION Calcium gluconate is a mineral supplement. It is manufactured by the neutralization of gluconic acid with lime or calcium carbonate. Calcium gluconate has been assigned to pregnancy category C by FDA. It is considered as a nutritional supplement. The human fetus is entirely depend on its mother for the supply of nutrient encluding calcium and oxygen and removal of waste product. Fetal accumulation of calcium occurs mainly during the third trimester.

2. Generic Name Calcium gluconate

3. Trade Name Kalcinate Cal-G Cal-GLU

4. Available form Contain 90mg or 4.5mEq of elemental calcium/g # Injection – 10% solution in 10ml ampule and vials,10ml or 50ml vials. # Powder for oral suspension- 346.7 elemental calcium/5ml. # Tablet-500mg, 650mg, Ig .

5. Indication and Dosage Hypocalcemia emergency - Adult : 7mEq to 14 mEq calcium IV may given as a 10% calcium gluconate soln. - Children : 1meq to 7mEq calcium IV. - Infant : upto 1mEq Hypocalcemia tetany - Adult: 4.5mEq to 16 mEq calcium IV repeat until tetany is controlled.

6. - Children : 0.5 to 0.7 mEq /kg calcium IV tid until tetany is controlled. - Neonate : 2.4 mEq /kg calcium IV daily is devided doses. Adjunctive treatment of magnesium intoxication. - Adult : Initially 7mEq IV based subsequent doses on patient respond.

7. During exchange transfusion - 1.35mEq IV with each 100ml citrated blood. Dietary supplement - 500mg to 2g PO daily.

8. Mechanism of Action Calcium plays a vital role in the physiology and biochemistry of organism and the cells. It plays an important role in signal transduction pathway, where it act as a massenger in contraction of all the muscle cell type and fertilization. Calcium gluconate are absorbed well by pregnant woman.

9. Adverse Reaction CNS: - tingling sensation - sense of oppression - syncope CV :- bradycardia - arrythmias - cardiac arrest GI :- constipation - irritation - chalky taste.

10. - haemorrhage - nausea, vomiting, thirst,abdominal pain GU :- polyurea -renal calculi Metabolic :- hypercalcemia Skin :- local reaction - necrosis - tissue sloughing - cellulitis

11. Contraindication Contraindicated in cancer patient with bone metastasis and in those with ventricular fibrillation, hypercalcemia , hypophosphatamia or renal calculi.

12. Nursing consideration Use all the calcium product with extreme caution in digitalised patient and patient with sacroidosis and renal or cardiac diseases. Double checked that you are giving the correct form of calcium resuscitation are ay contain both calcium gluconate and calcium chloride. Monitor calcium level frequently . Maintain calcium level of 9 – 10.4 mg/dl. Sign and symptom of severe hypercalcemia may enclude stupor ,confusion delirium, and coma. Dont confuse calcium with calcitriole , calcium gluconate with calcium glubionate , calcium chloride with calcium gluconate .

13. Patient teaching Tell the patient to take oral calcium 1-11/2 hour after meal if GI upset occur. Tell the patient to take oral calcium with a full glass of water. Tell the patient to report anorexia nausea vomiting , constipation , abdominal pain , dry mouth , thirst or polyurea . Warn the patient that in the meal before she takes calcium.She should not have spinch hole grains cereals or dry product these food may interfere with calcium absorption.